Regulation of the hypothalamic thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) neuron by neuronal and peripheral inputs.

Regulation of the hypothalamic thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) neuron by neuronal and peripheral inputs.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.yfrne.2010.01.001
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发表时间:
2010-04
影响因子:
7.4
通讯作者:
Nillni, Eduardo A.
Nillni, Eduardo A.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nillni, Eduardo A.

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下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺(HPT)轴在调节代谢和产热的变化中起着关键作用。因此,在不同的生理条件下,包括冷应激和营养状况的变化,甲状腺轴的中枢调节甲状腺激素释放激素(TRH)神经元在下丘脑室旁核(PVN)的轴的正常功能是至关重要的。在TRH肽变得具有生物活性之前,发生一系列严格调节的过程,包括激素原的适当折叠以靶向分泌途径、其翻译后加工以及加工的肽靶向细胞质膜附近的分泌颗粒以准备分泌。来自外周或来自存在于包括下丘脑在内的大脑不同区域中的神经元的多个输入负责TRH神经元的激活或抑制,并进而影响TRH的输出和轴的设定点。
The hypothalamic pituitary thyroid (HPT) axis plays a critical role in mediating changes in metabolism and thermogenesis. Thus, the central regulation of the thyroid axis by Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone (TRH) neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) is of key importance for the normal function of the axis under different physiological conditions including cold stress and changes in nutritional status. Before the TRH peptide becomes biologically active, a series of tightly regulated processes occur including the proper folding of the prohormone for targeting to the secretory pathway, its post-translational processing, and targeting of the processed peptides to the secretory granules near the plasma membrane of the cell ready for secretion. Multiple inputs coming from the periphery or from neurons present in different areas of the brain including the hypothalamus are responsible for the activation or inhibition of the TRH neuron and in turn affect the output of TRH and the set point of the axis.
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