Lysostaphin: engineering and potentiation toward better applications
Lysostaphin: engineering and potentiation toward better applications
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溶葡萄球菌素：工程和增强以实现更好的应用
DOI：
10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03459
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Xia Wu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jian Zha;Jingyuan Li;Zheng Su;Nuraly Akimbekov;Xia Wu
溶葡萄球菌酶是一种具有内肽酶活性的溶菌酶，对常见的病原体金黄色葡萄球菌具有抗菌活性。通过消化S.包括耐甲氧西林菌株在内的金黄色葡萄球菌中，溶葡萄球菌酶启动嗜酸性和固着细胞（生物膜）的快速裂解，并具有在农业、食品工业和制药工业中使用的巨大潜力。在过去的几十年里，人们在增强溶葡萄球菌酶以使其在这些领域中更好地应用方面做出了巨大的努力，包括工程化酶以获得更高的效力和更低的免疫原性以及更持久的效果，配制和固定化酶以获得更高的稳定性和更好的耐久性，以及重组表达以用于低成本的工业生产和原位生物控制。本文就这些成果在疾病控制、食品保鲜、表面去污和病原体检测等方面的应用进行了综述。此外，还对溶葡萄球菌酶的底物结合特性、锌结合位点的数目、底物范围以及五甘氨酸桥中的剪切位点等基本性质进行了综述。对溶葡萄球菌酶的抗性也被强调，重点是各种机制。本文最后讨论了溶葡萄球菌酶的局限性和未来的实际应用前景。
Lysostaphin is a potent bacteriolytic enzyme with endopeptidase activity against the common pathogenStaphylococcus aureus. By digesting the pentaglycine crossbridge in the cell wall peptidoglycan ofS. aureusincluding the methicillin-resistant strains, lysostaphin initiates rapid lysis of planktonic and sessile cells (biofilms) and has great potential for use in agriculture, food industries, and pharmaceutical industries. In the past few decades, there have been tremendous efforts in potentiating lysostaphin for better applications in these fields, including engineering of the enzyme for higher potency and lower immunogenicity with longer-lasting effects, formulation and immobilization of the enzyme for higher stability and better durability, and recombinant expression for low-cost industrial production andin situbiocontrol. These achievements are extensively reviewed in this article focusing on applications in disease control, food preservation, surface decontamination, and pathogen detection. In addition, some basic properties of lysostaphin that have been controversial and only elucidated recently are summarized, including the substrate-binding properties, the number of zinc-binding sites, the substrate range, and the cleavage site in the pentaglycine crossbridge. Resistance to lysostaphin is also highlighted with a focus on various mechanisms. This article is concluded with a discussion on the limitations and future perspectives for the actual applications of lysostaphin.