How Do Technological Artefacts Embody Moral Values?
How Do Technological Artefacts Embody Moral Values?
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DOI：
10.1007/s13347-020-00401-y
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Klenk M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Klenk M
一些技术哲学家认为，技术凭借其功能特性和设计者的意图体现了道德价值观。但本文表明，这样的解释使得技术中所谓的嵌入价值在认识上变得不透明，并且不允许价值发生变化。因此，为了克服这些缺点，本文引入了新颖的价值嵌入的可供性解释作为一种更好的选择。因此，人工制品具有可供性，也就是说，人工制品在特定情况下使某些行为更有可能发生。基于援引最近道德人类学的跨学科视角，我将可供性概念化为依赖于反应的属性。也就是说，它们取决于人工制品的内在和外在属性。我们有理由重视这些财产。因此，人工制品体现了价值，并且不是价值中立的，这对于新技术的设计具有实际意义。
According to some philosophers of technology, technology embodies moral values in virtue of its functional properties and the intentions of its designers. But this paper shows that such an account makes the values supposedly embedded in technology epistemically opaque and that it does not allow for values to change. Therefore, to overcome these shortcomings, the paper introduces the novel Affordance Account of Value Embedding as a superior alternative. Accordingly, artefacts bear affordances, that is, artefacts make certain actions likelier given the circumstances. Based on an interdisciplinary perspective that invokes recent moral anthropology, I conceptualize affordances as response-dependent properties. That is, they depend on intrinsic as well as extrinsic properties of the artefact. We have reason to value these properties. Therefore, artefacts embody values and are not value-neutral, which has practical implications for the design of new technologies.