High Endemicity of Soil-Transmitted Helminths in a Population Frequently Exposed to Albendazole but No Evidence of Antiparasitic Resistance
High Endemicity of Soil-Transmitted Helminths in a Population Frequently Exposed to Albendazole but No Evidence of Antiparasitic Resistance
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DOI：
10.3390/tropicalmed4020073
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Sanchez, Ana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Matamoros, Gabriela;Rueda, Maria Mercedes;Sanchez, Ana
前言：土传蠕虫是一种广泛分布于热带和亚热带地区的胃肠道寄生虫。苯并咪唑类药物(BZ)的大剂量给药(MDA)是控制STH的首选方法。这些药物对鞭虫的疗效有限，长期使用单剂BZ引起了人们对可能出现遗传耐药性的担忧。这项调查的目的是确定在洪都拉斯流行地区流行的STH物种中是否存在与BZ耐药性相关的基因突变。方法：采用寄生虫学调查方法，采用Kato-Katz技术检测洪都拉斯La Hicaca地区儿童性病感染率。一组儿童接受驱虫治疗，以恢复通过分子生物学技术分析的成体寄生虫标本。对蛔虫和鞭虫β-微管蛋白基因第200、198和167密码子的遗传区域进行了扩增和测序。结果：共采集儿童粪便标本106份。性病总患病率为75.47%，其中以鞭虫为主(56.6%)，其次为蛔虫(17%)和钩虫(1.9%)。对毛滴虫和鞭毛虫的β-微管蛋白基因167、198和200密码子的邻近区域进行了85个序列的测序。三个感兴趣的密码子在所有样本中都是单态的。结论：尽管在本报告分析的小样本中未能发现单核苷酸多态(SNPs)并不排除其发生的可能性，但这些结果表明，目前洪都拉斯在STH控制方面的挑战可能不是与耐药性有关，而是与环境条件和/或允许再感染的宿主因素有关。
Introduction: Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) are gastrointestinal parasites widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas. Mass drug administration (MDA) of benzimidazoles (BZ) is the most recommended for STH control. These drugs have demonstrated limited efficacy against Trichuris trichiura and the long-term use of single-dose BZ has raised concerns of the possible emergence of genetic resistance. The objective of this investigation was to determine whether genetic mutations associated with BZ resistance were present in STH species circulating in an endemic region of Honduras. Methods: A parasitological survey was performed as part of this study, the Kato-Katz technique was used to determine STH prevalence in children of La Hicaca, Honduras. A subgroup of children received anthelminthic treatment in order to recover adult parasite specimens that were analyzed through molecular biology techniques. Genetic regions containing codons 200, 198, and 167 of the beta -tubulin gene of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura were amplified and sequenced. Results: Stool samples were collected from 106 children. The overall STH prevalence was 75.47%, whereby T. trichiura was the most prevalent helminth (56.6%), followed by A. lumbricoides (17%), and hookworms (1.9%). Eighty-five sequences were generated for adjacent regions to codons 167, 198, and 200 of the beta -tubulin gene of T. trichiura and A. lumbricoides specimens. The three codons of interest were found to be monomorphic in all the specimens. Conclusion: Although the inability to find single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the small sample analyzed for the present report does not exclude the possibility of their occurrence, these results suggest that, at present, Honduras's challenges in STH control may not be related to drug resistance but to environmental conditions and/or host factors permitting reinfections.