Wavelet-based spatial comparison technique for analysing and evaluating two-dimensional geophysical model fields
Wavelet-based spatial comparison technique for analysing and evaluating two-dimensional geophysical model fields
复制标题
基于小波的二维地球物理模型场分析评价空间比较技术
DOI：
10.5194/gmd-5-223-2012
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
J. Shutler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Picart;M. Butenschön;J. Shutler
抽象的。以三维或四维时空为基础的复杂的地球环境数值模型通常用于气候预测、天气预报、渔业管理和环境影响评估等应用。定量评估这些模型在一系列空间和时间尺度上准确再现地理格局的能力一直是一个难以解决的问题。然而，如果我们要依赖这些模型进行决策，这是至关重要的。卫星数据可能是能够复盖许多类型地球物理模型所分析的大空间域的唯一观测数据集。因此，光学波长卫星数据开始用于评估陆地和海洋环境的模型后播场。然而，这些卫星数据总是包含由于云层而被遮挡或丢失的数据区域，这进一步复杂化或影响了与模型的任何比较。这项工作建立在一种已公布的方法基础上，该方法使用基于预定义的绝对阈值的雷达观测来评估降水预报。它允许在一定的空间尺度和雨强范围内评估模型技能。在这里，我们扩展原来的方法，允许它的一般应用到一系列连续和不连续的地球物理数据领域，从而允许将其用于光学卫星数据。这是通过对原始方法的两个主要改进来实现的：(I)所有阈值都是基于输入数据的统计分布来确定的，因此不需要关于被分析的模型场的先验知识，以及(Ii)可以在不影响度量结果的情况下分析遮挡数据。该方法可用于评估模型在一系列空间尺度上模拟地理模式的能力。我们演示了该方法如何提供一种紧凑而简明的方式来可视化两个数据集中的空间特征之间的一致性程度。通过一个海洋生态系统模型的模型场分析，说明了新方法的应用、对偏差和遮挡的处理以及新方法的优越性。
Abstract. Complex numerical models of the Earth's environment, based around 3-D or 4-D time and space domains are routinely used for applications including climate predictions, weather forecasts, fishery management and environmental impact assessments. Quantitatively assessing the ability of these models to accurately reproduce geographical patterns at a range of spatial and temporal scales has always been a difficult problem to address. However, this is crucial if we are to rely on these models for decision making. Satellite data are potentially the only observational dataset able to cover the large spatial domains analysed by many types of geophysical models. Consequently optical wavelength satellite data is beginning to be used to evaluate model hindcast fields of terrestrial and marine environments. However, these satellite data invariably contain regions of occluded or missing data due to clouds, further complicating or impacting on any comparisons with the model. This work builds on a published methodology, that evaluates precipitation forecast using radar observations based on predefined absolute thresholds. It allows model skill to be evaluated at a range of spatial scales and rain intensities. Here we extend the original method to allow its generic application to a range of continuous and discontinuous geophysical data fields, and therefore allowing its use with optical satellite data. This is achieved through two major improvements to the original method: (i) all thresholds are determined based on the statistical distribution of the input data, so no a priori knowledge about the model fields being analysed is required and (ii) occluded data can be analysed without impacting on the metric results. The method can be used to assess a model's ability to simulate geographical patterns over a range of spatial scales. We illustrate how the method provides a compact and concise way of visualising the degree of agreement between spatial features in two datasets. The application of the new method, its handling of bias and occlusion and the advantages of the novel method are demonstrated through the analysis of model fields from a marine ecosystem model.
DOI：
10.1016/j.jmarsys.2008.03.011
发表时间：
2009-02
期刊：
Journal of marine systems : journal of the European Association of Marine Sciences and Techniques
影响因子：
--
作者：
C. Stow;J. Jolliff;D. McGillicuddy;S. Doney;J. Icarus Allen;Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs;Kenneth A. Rose;P. Wallhead
通讯作者：
C. Stow;J. Jolliff;D. McGillicuddy;S. Doney;J. Icarus Allen;Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs;Kenneth A. Rose;P. Wallhead