A worldwide bread wheat core collection arrayed in a 384-well plate
A worldwide bread wheat core collection arrayed in a 384-well plate
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DOI：
10.1007/s00122-007-0517-1
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发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Charmet, Gilles
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Balfourier, Francois;Roussel, Valerie;Charmet, Gilles
面包小麦（Triticum aestivum）是世界上主要的粮食作物之一，其遗传多样性很大。为了选择具有代表性的全球小麦多样性样本，来自73个国家的3，942份材料用一组38个基因组简单重复序列（SSR）标记进行了分析。每个位点的等位基因数为7 ~ 45个，平均23.9个。检测到的908个等位基因与护照数据一起使用，以选择越来越大的子样本，最大化在SSR位点观察到的等位基因的数量和地理来源的数量。最终的核心372加入（372 CC）选择与此M策略。在38个多态位点上，该核心区涵盖了所有不同的地理区域和98%以上的等位基因多样性。通过使用第二组独立标记[44个表达序列标签（EST）-SSR标记]对744份更大的样本进行验证，验证了用于构建核心的方法：在这些位点观察到的96.74%的等位基因已经在372 CC中捕获。因此，最大化第一组标记的多样性也最大化了第二组独立基因座的多样性。为了将小麦种质资源的遗传结构与其地理来源联系起来，利用这两组标记计算了地理群体之间的相异矩阵。目前世界范围内的小麦多样性是明确划分根据小麦的欧洲和亚洲的起源，而每个地理组内的多样性可能是一个初始种质适应不同的环境条件和特定的育种实践的综合影响的结果。来自372 CC的每次加入的种子都进行了繁殖，现在可供科学界使用。372 CC的基因组DNA可以完全保存在384孔深孔保存板中，为今后小麦遗传多样性研究提供了有用的工具。
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), one of the world's major crops, is genetically very diverse. In order to select a representative sample of the worldwide wheat diversity, 3,942 accessions originating from 73 countries were analysed with a set of 38 genomic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The number of alleles at each locus ranged from 7 to 45 with an average of 23.9 alleles per locus. The 908 alleles detected were used together with passport data to select increasingly large sub-samples that maximised both the number of observed alleles at SSR loci and the number of geographical origins. A final core of 372 accessions (372CC) was selected with this M strategy. All the different geographical areas and more than 98% of the allelic diversity at the 38 polymorphic loci were represented in this core. The method used to build the core was validated, by using a second set of independent markers [44 expressed sequence tag (EST)-SSR markers] on a larger sample of 744 accessions: 96.74% of the alleles observed at these loci had already been captured in the 372CC. So maximizing the diversity with a first set of markers also maximised the diversity at a second independent set of locus. To relate the genetic structure of wheat germplasm to its geographical origins, the two sets of markers were used to compute a dissimilarity matrix between geographical groups. Current worldwide wheat diversity is clearly divided according to wheat's European and Asian origins, whereas the diversity within each geographical group might be the result of the combined effects of adaptation of an initial germplasm to different environmental conditions and specific breeding practices. Seeds from each accession of the 372CC were multiplied and are now available to the scientific community. The genomic DNA of the 372CC, which can be entirely contained in a 384-deep-well storage plate, will be a useful tool for future studies of wheat genetic diversity.