Tumor angiogenesis and endothelial cell modulatory factors.
Tumor angiogenesis and endothelial cell modulatory factors.
复制标题
肿瘤血管生成和内皮细胞调节因子。
作者：
Sudhen Desai;S. Libutti
血管生成是预先存在的脉管系统发出毛细血管芽导致新脉管系统形成的能力。现在已被广泛接受的观点是，实体瘤的进展本质上依赖于原发肿瘤和转移性病变生长的血管生成。对肿瘤血管生成的研究集中在抑制肿瘤新血管生成上，作为损害肿瘤进展的另一种可能机制。许多研究已经表征了对血管形成和发育重要的细胞和分子因素，并导致了对内皮、血管生成细胞因子和支持基质之间必要的相互作用的识别和理解。这些研究还鉴定了参与基底膜蛋白水解破坏、内皮细胞迁移以及新内皮增殖和形成功能性脉管系统的细胞因子。随着基于抗血管生成策略的疗法不断发展和临床试验的进行，这些药物可能成为抗肿瘤增殖武器库的重要组成部分，特别是考虑到它们有利的毒性特征。这篇综述讨论了研究最深入的血管生成细胞因子及其作用的受体。此外，我们还讨论了选定的蛋白酶及其在新血管系统发育中的重要性。更好地了解这些成分将有助于开发新的治疗策略。
Angiogenesis is the ability of preexisting vasculature to send out capillary sprouts leading to the formation of new vasculature. It is now a well-accepted idea that progression of solid tumors is intrinsically dependent on angiogenesis for growth of the primary tumor and metastatic lesions. Investigations into tumor angiogenesis have focused on inhibition of tumor neovasculature as yet another possible mechanism for impairing tumor progression. Numerous studies have characterized cellular and molecular factors important to vascular formation and development and have led to the identification and understanding of requisite interactions between endothelium, angiogenic cytokines, and the supporting matrix. These studies have also led to the identification of cytokines involved in the proteolytic disruption of the basement membrane, the migration of endothelial cells, and the proliferation and formation of neoendothelium into functional vasculature. As therapies based on antiangiogenic strategies continue to evolve and clinical trials are conducted, these agents may become an important part of the arsenal against tumor proliferation, especially given their favorable toxicity profile. This review discusses the angiogenic cytokines which have been most intensely studied and the receptors they act upon. Additionally, we discuss select proteases and their importance in the development of neovasculature. A better understanding of these components will help in the development of novel therapeutic strategies.