Mobilization of arsenic from contaminated sediment by anionic and nonionic surfactants.
Mobilization of arsenic from contaminated sediment by anionic and nonionic surfactants.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jes.2016.10.007
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发表时间：
2017-06
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Chuan Liang;Xianjia Peng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chuan Liang;Xianjia Peng
随着表面活性剂生产量的增加及其在工业、农业和家用洗涤剂中的广泛应用，大量的表面活性剂残留物被排入水体并分布于沉积物中。表面活性剂有可能提高砷的流动性，从而对环境甚至人类造成风险。采用间歇实验和柱实验研究了十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）、十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）、十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠（AES）以及非离子表面活性剂苯基聚乙二醇（Triton X-100）和聚乙二醇失水山梨醇单油酸酯（Tween-80）对污染底泥中砷的活化作用。表面活性剂对砷的活化能力顺序为AES > SDBS > SDS> Triton X-100 > Tween 80。AES和Triton X-100对砷的活化量随表面活性剂浓度和pH的增加而显著增加，而SDBS、SDS和Tween-80对砷的释放量随表面活性剂浓度和pH的增加而略有增加。二价离子Ca ~（2+）比Na ~（2+）对砷的迁移有更大的抑制作用。连续萃取实验表明，砷的主要部分动员是专门吸附的馏分。固相萃取结果表明，表面活性剂对土壤中砷的迁移主要以砷酸盐（As（V））为主，占总迁移量的65.05%~ 77.68%。砷的活化与铁的活化呈正相关。溶解态砷是土壤活动态砷的主要形态，约占总活动态砷的70%。
The increasing manufacture of surfactants and their wide application in industry, agriculture and household detergents have resulted in large amounts of surfactant residuals being discharged into water and distributed into sediment. Surfactants have the potential to enhance arsenic mobility, leading to risks to the environment and even human beings. In this study, batch and column experiments were conducted to investigate arsenic mobilization from contaminated sediment by the commercial anionic surfactants sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium laureth sulfate (AES) and nonionic surfactants phenyl-polyethylene glycol (Triton X-100) and polyethylene glycol sorbitan monooleate (Tween-80). The ability of surfactants to mobilize arsenic followed the order AES > SDBS > SDS ≈ Triton X-100 > Tween 80. Arsenic mobilization by AES and Triton X-100 increased greatly with the increase of surfactant concentration and pH, while arsenic release by SDBS, SDS and Tween-80 slightly increased. The divalent ion Ca2 +caused greater reduction of arsenic mobilization than Na+. Sequential extraction experiments showed that the main fraction of arsenic mobilized was the specifically adsorbed fraction. Solid phase extraction showed that arsenate (As(V)) was the main species mobilized by surfactants, accounting for 65.05%–77.68% of the total mobilized arsenic. The mobilization of arsenic was positively correlated with the mobilization of iron species. The main fraction of mobilized arsenic was the dissolved fraction, accounting for 70% of total mobilized arsenic.