Educational reversals and first-birth timing in sub-Saharan Africa: A dynamic multilevel approach
Educational reversals and first-birth timing in sub-Saharan Africa: A dynamic multilevel approach
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DOI：
10.1353/dem.2007.0001
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发表时间：
2007-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Kravdal, Oystein
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Derose, Laurie F.;Kravdal, Oystein
在整个撒哈拉以南非洲的许多地区，由于1980年代和1990年代入学率下降，青年人的受教育程度低于他们的前辈。由于受教育程度低的妇女通常比受教育程度高的妇女更早成为母亲，生的孩子也更多，而且在社会一级，目前的教育与目前的生育率之间也存在类似的既定关系，人们可能会认为这种教育逆转会提高生育率。但是，如果与过去相比，现在的年轻妇女受教育程度低还产生了额外的负面影响，这与相对贫困的影响的想法雅阁，那么教育逆转的总体影响可能会朝两个方向发展。这种可能性在早期的研究中没有探讨过，这些研究采取了一种更静态的方法。我们专注于生育的开始。使用来自16个撒哈拉以南非洲国家的人口与健康调查数据进行多项调查，我们估计了第一胎的固定效应多水平模型，其中包括妇女自己的教育，社区教育和社区教育相对于过去。个体教育和社区教育的负效应存在，而相对教育的负效应不存在。因此，我们得出结论，教育逆转似乎确实加快了进入父母身份
In many areas throughout sub-Saharan Africa, young adult cohorts are less educated than their predecessors because of declines in school enrollments during the 1980s and 1990s. Because a woman with little education typically becomes a mother earlier and has more children than one with better education, and because of a similar well-established relationship between current education and current fertility at the societal level, one might expect such education reversals to raise fertility. However, if there is an additional negative effect of low educational level among currently young women compared with that in the past, which would accord with ideas about the impact of relative deprivation, the total effect of an education reversal may run in either direction. This possibility has not been explored in earlier studies, which have taken a more static approach. We focus on the initiation of childbearing. Using Demographic and Health Survey data from 16 sub-Saharan African countries with multiple surveys, we estimate a fixed-effects multilevel model for first births that includes the woman own education, community education, and community education relative to the past. There are negative effects of individual and community education, but no effect of relative education. Thus we conclude that education reversals do seem to speed up entry into parenthood