Thy-1 modulates neurological cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions through multiple molecular interactions.
Thy-1 modulates neurological cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions through multiple molecular interactions.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4614-8090-7_1
复制
发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
L. Leyton;J. Hagood
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Leyton;J. Hagood
Thy-1或CD 90是一种糖基磷脂酰肌醇连接的细胞表面糖蛋白，在多种细胞类型上表达，包括神经元、胸腺细胞、成纤维细胞、内皮细胞、系膜细胞和一些造血和基质干细胞。Thy-1在发育上受到调节，在进化上是保守的。其细胞效应在细胞类型、组织和物种之间以及在某些情况下在细胞类型、组织和物种内变化，表明其生物学作用依赖于环境。然而，它似乎最常影响细胞-细胞或细胞-基质相互作用以及细胞粘附和迁移。在神经系统中，Thy-1介导双向细胞-细胞通讯，调节细胞-基质粘附。神经元表达高水平的Thy-1，其与存在于星形胶质细胞中的αvβ 3整合素相互作用，并刺激星形胶质细胞粘附到下面的表面（transsignaling），并且在神经突中，相同的配体-受体缔合触发神经突收缩和轴突生长的抑制（cissignaling）。虽然Thy-1缺乏胞质结构域，但它通过与脂筏微结构域内的许多分子相互作用来影响多个胞内信号级联。对这种神秘的粘附分子如何调节信号传导和细胞表型的进一步理解可能会对损伤后的神经发育和神经恢复产生新的见解。
Thy-1, or CD90, is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked cell surface glycoprotein expressed on multiple cell types, including neurons, thymocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, mesangial cells, and some hematopoietic and stromal stem cells. Thy-1 is developmentally regulated and evolutionarily conserved. Its cellular effects vary between and in some cases within cell types, tissues, and species, indicating that its biological role is context dependent. However, it most often seems to affect cell–cell or cell–matrix interactions and cellular adhesion and migration. In the nervous system, Thy-1 mediates bidirectional cell–cell communication, which modulates cell–matrix adhesion. Neurons express high levels of Thy-1, which interacts with αvβ3integrin present in astrocytes and stimulates increased astrocyte adhesion to the underlying surface (transsignaling) and in neurites, the same ligand–receptor association triggers neurite retraction and inhibition of axonal growth (cissignaling). Although Thy-1 lacks a cytoplasmic domain, it affects multiple intracellular signaling cascades through interaction with a number of molecules within lipid raft microdomains. Improved understanding of how this enigmatic adhesion molecule modulates signaling and cell phenotype may yield novel insights into neurodevelopment and nerve recovery after injury.