Emerging roles for HMGB1 protein in immunity, inflammation, and cancer.
Emerging roles for HMGB1 protein in immunity, inflammation, and cancer.
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DOI：
10.2147/itt.s58064
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Ranzato E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martinotti S;Patrone M;Ranzato E
高迁移率族蛋白1（HMGB1）是高度保守的非组蛋白DNA结合蛋白家族的成员。1973年首次发现，作为一组具有高酸性和碱性氨基酸含量的染色质相关蛋白质之一，因其在聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳中具有快速流动性而得名。HMGB1后来被发现有另一种功能。它从各种细胞释放到细胞外环境中，作用于特定的细胞表面受体。在后一种作用中，HMGB1是一种促炎细胞因子，可能导致许多炎性疾病，包括败血症。因此，HMGB1调节影响免疫细胞功能的细胞内级联反应，包括趋化性和免疫调节。HMGB1的生物活性由特异性翻译后修饰决定，这些修饰调节其在炎症和免疫中的作用。在肿瘤发生发展过程中，HMGB1通过调节多种信号通路在促进细胞存活和死亡方面发挥着自相矛盾的作用。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了HMGB1在生理和病理反应中的作用，以及它促进免疫、炎症和癌症进展的机制。
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein is a member of the highly conserved non-histone DNA binding protein family. First identified in 1973, as one of a group of chromatin-associated proteins with high acidic and basic amino acid content, it was so named for its characteristic rapid mobility in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. HMGB1 was later discovered to have another function. It is released from a variety of cells into the extracellular milieu to act on specific cell-surface receptors. In this latter role, HMGB1 is a proinflammatory cytokine that may contribute to many inflammatory diseases, including sepsis. Therefore, HMGB1 regulates intracellular cascades influencing immune cell functions, including chemotaxis and immune modulation. The bioactivity of the HMGB1 is determined by specific posttranslational modifications that regulate its role in inflammation and immunity. During tumor development, HMGB1 has been reported to play paradoxical roles in promoting both cell survival and death by regulating multiple signaling pathways. In this review, we focus on the role of HMGB1 in physiological and pathological responses, as well as the mechanisms by which it contributes to immunity, inflammation, and cancer progression.