Generalized exchange
Generalized exchange
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DOI：
10.1086/231087
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发表时间：
1997-03-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Bearman, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bearman, P
广义交换，即一个部落的各个部分在一个周期内交换妇女，从而保证社会团结，是从支配分类亲属制度的规范模式中产生的。对一个土著部落的块模型分析得出了一个普遍交换系统中作为婚姻阶级的部分，尽管如果遵循支配亲属关系的规范，将无法显示交换的周期。广义交换制度产生于亲属制度，特别是老人政治的外生不平等。规范模型不能很好地预测实际的交换结构。关系模型使我们能够深入了解从社会交换中建立社会团结的系统的病因学。
Generalized exchange, in which sections of a tribe exchange women in a cycle and thus guarantee social solidarity, was induced from models of the norms governing classificatory kinship systems. A blockmodel analysis of one aboriginal tribe yields sections that serve as marriage classes in a generalized exchange system, though the norms that govern kinship would fail to manifest, if followed, a cycle for exchange. Generalized exchange systems emerge from inequalities exogenous to the kinship system, specifically gerontocracy. Models of norms are weak predictors of actual exchange structures. Models of relations yield insight into the etiology of systems that build social solidarity from social exchange.