PREDATION, PHYSICAL STRESS, AND THE ORGANIZATION OF A TROPICAL ROCKY INTER-TIDAL HERMIT CRAB COMMUNITY
PREDATION, PHYSICAL STRESS, AND THE ORGANIZATION OF A TROPICAL ROCKY INTER-TIDAL HERMIT CRAB COMMUNITY
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DOI：
10.2307/1936715
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发表时间：
1981-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
BERTNESS, MD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BERTNESS, MD
捕食压力和物理应激是巴拿马湾寄居蟹重要的选择压力，影响它们的潮间带分布、贝类偏好和行为。破壳硬骨鱼和蟹对寄居蟹的捕食作用在低潮间带生境中最大，在物理应激最强烈的高潮间带环境中减少。Pagurus sp.(未描述)只生活在低潮间带栖息地，喜欢相对较重的狭孔贝壳，这降低了对捕食的脆弱性，同时降低了对热应激的抵抗力。暗指银鱼分布于中、低潮间带环境，而白指斜坡则分布在中、高潮间带，这部分是由于暗指斜纹盘藻从低潮间带主动竞争置换的结果。这2个种。更喜欢热应力最小，对捕食者的防御相对较少的贝壳。这些螃蟹的捕食行为是通过行为逃避反应来避免的，这种行为逃避反应在暗色梭子蟹中最为强烈，而在抵抗热应激方面，白指蟹优于C.这种热带寄居蟹群落的栖息地和贝壳资源利用模式可以被解释为是捕食、身体压力和竞争压力之间复杂交互作用的结果。
Predation pressure and physical stress are shown to be important selective pressures on hermit crabs in the Bay of Panama, influencing their intertidal distributions, shell preferences and behaviors. Predation on hermit crabs by shell-crushing teleost fish and crabs is greatest in the low intertidal habitat and decreases in the high intertidal environment where phsyical stresses are the most intense. Pagurus sp. (undescribed) lives in the low intertidal habitat exclusively and prefers relatively heavy shells with narrow apertures which reduce vulnerability to predation while decreasing resistance to thermal stress. Calcinus obscurus is found in the middle to low intertidal environment, and Clibanarius albidigitus has a middle to high intertidal distribution, partly as a result of active competitive displacement by C. obscurus from the low intertidal habitat. These 2 spp. prefer shells that minimize thermal stress and give relatively little defense against predators. Predation in these crabs is avoided by a behavioral escape response most acutely developed in C. obscurus, while C. albidigitus is superior to C. in withstanding thermal stress. Habitat and shell resource use patterns in this tropical hermit crab community can be interpreted to represent the result of a complex interaction between predation, physical stress and competitive pressures.