Self-referent processing of age-specific material.
Self-referent processing of age-specific material.
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DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.1.4.293
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发表时间：
1986-12-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Dugan, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mueller, J H;Wonderlich, S;Dugan, K
大学生和老年被试对特质形容词进行了自我和他者性判断。年轻人倾向于认可那些被认为是描述年轻人的特征，而不是那些被认为是描述老年人的特征。然而，老年人认可了相同数量的年轻人和老年人的特征。这表明，与年龄有关的内容特异性更像是年轻人而不是老年人的特征，老年人是年轻人和老年人描述符的“示意图”。尽管如此，对于老年受试者来说，年轻特质的自我参照决策速度相对于老年特质要慢一些，好像年轻特质在某种程度上不太容易获得。虽然老年人回忆起的形容词总体上比年轻人少，但他们对自我和他人参照项目的回忆模式相似。因此，似乎不太可能的年龄差异，自发的自我引用帐户的一般年龄赤字保留。
College students and elderly subjects made self- and other-descriptiveness judgments about trait adjectives that were age-specific descriptors. The young adults favored endorsement of traits that had been judged descriptive of young adults, compared to traits that had been judged descriptive of elderly adults. However, elderly adults endorsed an equivalent number of young and elderly traits. This indicates that content specificity with regard to age is more a characteristic of young adults than elderly people, with elderly adults being "schematic" for descriptors of both young and older people. Nonetheless, for the elderly subjects, the speed of self-reference decisions was slower for the young traits relative to the elderly traits, as if the young traits were somewhat less accessible. Although elderly adults recalled fewer adjectives overall than young adults, their pattern of recall was similar for self- versus other-referenced items. Thus, it seem unlikely that age differences in spontaneous self-referencing account for the general age deficit in retention.