ACTIN-DEPENDENT ORGANELLE MOVEMENT IN SQUID AXOPLASM
ACTIN-DEPENDENT ORGANELLE MOVEMENT IN SQUID AXOPLASM
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DOI：
10.1038/356722a0
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发表时间：
1992-04-23
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
WEISS, DG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
KUZNETSOV, SA;LANGFORD, GM;WEISS, DG
从鱿鱼巨大轴突中挤出的轴质中的细胞器运动的研究已经导致微管依赖性细胞器运动的基本发现1-3和基于微管的运动蛋白驱动蛋白和细胞质动力蛋白的表征4，5。在高等动物细胞中，尤其是在神经元中，细胞器的快速运动被认为是基于微管的。肌动蛋白丝的作用，这也是丰富的轴突细胞质6，7，仍然不清楚。肌动蛋白结合蛋白8-11如DNA酶I、凝溶胶蛋白和突触蛋白I对轴质中细胞器运动的抑制作用归因于它们能够扰乱大多数肌动蛋白丝所在的微管结构域7。在这里，我们提供了一种新的类型的细胞器的运动在鱿鱼轴质，这是独立的微管和微管为基础的电机的证据。这种运动是ATP依赖的，单向的，肌动蛋白依赖的，可能是由肌球蛋白样马达产生的。这些结果表明，肌动球蛋白样机制可以直接参与神经细胞中快速细胞器运输的产生。
STUDIES of organelle movement in axoplasm extruded from the squid giant axon have led to the basic discoveries of microtubule-dependent organelle motility 1-3 and the characterization of the microtubule-based motor proteins kinesin and cytoplasmic dynein 4,5. Rapid organelle movement in higher animal cells, especially in neurons, is considered to be microtubule-based. The role of actin filaments, which are also abundant in axonal cytoplasm 6,7, has remained unclear. The inhibition of organelle movement in axoplasm by actin-binding proteins 8-11 such as DNase I, gelsolin and synapsin I has been attributed to their ability to disorganize the microtubule domains where most of the actin-filaments are located 7. Here we provide evidence of a new type of organelle movement in squid axoplasm which is independent of both microtubules and microtubule-based motors. This movement is ATP-dependent, unidirectional, actin-dependent, and probably generated by a myosin-like motor. These results demonstrate that an actomyosin-like mechanism can be directly involved in the generation of rapid organelle transport in nerve cells.