Three-dimensional muscular architecture of the human tongue determined in vivo with diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging
Three-dimensional muscular architecture of the human tongue determined in vivo with diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging
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DOI：
10.1007/s00455-003-0505-9
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Napadow, VJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gilbert, RJ;Napadow, VJ
舌的肌结构被认为是由交织的纤维的复杂网络组成，这些纤维一起起作用以产生几乎无限的功能性变形。这些变形在机械上有助于言语产生和吞咽期间的口腔食物处理。我们以前成像的3D myoarchitecture的哺乳动物舌切除组织与扩散张量MRI，一种技术，该技术得出的3D方向的壁内纤维的功能的程度。方向特异性MR信号在扩散编码磁梯度下衰减到该值。所得到的3D扩散张量定义了组织区域内肌纤维群的相对取向。在这项研究中，我们已经扩大了使用这种方法来评估在正常人受试者在体内舌肌结构。受试者在正中矢状面使用弥散敏感刺激回波脉冲序列和单次激发回波平面空间编码进行成像。舌纤维方向的差异表现为整个组织中纤维方向的渐进变化，组织区域之间没有明确的解剖分界。前部组织通常由正交取向的纤维组成，周围环绕着轴向取向的组织环，而后部组织主要由上级和后部方向突出的纤维组成。大部分组织显示出高度均匀、垂直取向的纤维组，包括组织的前下方区域，并几乎延伸到上级表面。扩散各向异性方面的组织的进一步分析表明，该组织可以表示为不同程度的各向异性，与高各向异性的倾向，在背侧和前腹侧周边和低各向异性的中心区域的组织。这些发现表明，舌的肌肉解剖结构可以显示为一系列连续的结构单元或张量，代表整个组织中不同方向的纤维。
The myoarchitecture of the tongue is believed to consist of a complex network of interwoven fibers, which function together to produce a near limitless array of functional deformations. These deformations contribute mechanically to speech production and to oral cavity food handling during swallowing. We have previously imaged the 3D myoarchitecture of the mammalian tongue in excised tissue with diffusion tensor MRI, a technique which derives the 3D orientation of intramural fibers as a function of the extent. to which a direction-specific MR signal attenuates under diffusion-encoding magnetic gradients. The resulting 3D diffusion tensor defines the relative orientations of the myofiber populations within a region of tissue. In this study, we have extended the use of this method to assess lingual myoarchitecture in normal human subjects in vivo. Subjects Were imaged using a diffusion-sensitive stimulated-echo pulse sequence with single-shot echoplanar spatial encoding in the midsagittal plane. Differences in lingual fiber orientation were manifested by graduated changes in fiber direction throughout the tissue, without clear anatomical demarcations between regions of the tissue. The anterior tissue was:composed generally of orthogonally oriented fibers surrounded by an axially oriented ring of tissue, whereas the posterior portion of the tissue was composed mostly of fibers projecting in the superior and posterior directions. The bulk of the tissue displayed a highly homogeneous, vertically oriented set of fibers, including the anteroinferior region of the tissue and extending nearly to the superior surface. Further analysis of the tissue in terms of diffusion anisotropy demonstrated that the tissue could be represented by varying degrees of anisotropy, with a tendency toward high anisotropy in the dorsal and anteroventral periphery and low anisotropy in the central region of the tissue. These findings demonstrate that the muscular anatomy of the tongue can be displayed as a continuous array of structural units, or tensors, representing fibers of varying orientations throughout the tissue.