Effect of Replacing Fish Meal by a Mixture of Different Plant Protein Sources in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) Diets
Effect of Replacing Fish Meal by a Mixture of Different Plant Protein Sources in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) Diets
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在尼罗罗非鱼 (Oreochromis niloticus L.) 日粮中用不同植物蛋白源混合物替代鱼粉的效果
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. I. Wafa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Soltan;M. Hanafy;M. I. Wafa
本研究旨在确定尼罗罗非鱼八种日粮中植物蛋白混合物 (PPM) 鱼粉 (FM) 的最大替代水平。 PPM 包括棉籽、向日葵、油菜籽、芝麻和亚麻籽粉。基础日粮中的 FM 被日粮中的 PPM 替代，替代水平为 15%、30%、45%、60%、75%、90% 和 100%。将 480 尾尼罗罗非鱼随机分为 8 个处理，每个处理 3 个重复。饲喂 12 周后，用 PPM 替代 15%、30% 或 45% FM 不会显着影响采食量 (FI)、饲料转化率 (FCR)、蛋白质效率比 (PER) 以及干物质 (DM)、粗蛋白 (CP) 和醚提取物 (EE) 的表观消化系数 (ADC)，而最高替代水平（60%、75%、90% 或 100%）则显着影响(P<0.05) 降低了这些参数。生长参数与 FI、FCR 和 PER 相对平行，而高达 45% 的替换显示体重 (BW)、体长 (BL)、增重 (WG) 和特定生长率 (SGR) 与饲喂对照饲料的鱼没有显着差异 (P<0.001)。与对照相比，增加饮食中的 PPM 显着降低了血红蛋白、血细胞比容以及丙氨酸转氨酶 (ALT) 和天冬氨酸转氨酶 (AST) 的活性。在饮食中加入 PPM 并没有显着影响全身干物质 (DM) 和粗蛋白 (CP)。从经济角度来看，罗非鱼日粮中用 PPM 替代 FM 高达 45%，每公斤日粮的饲料成本和每公斤增重的饲料成本分别降低了 11.40% 和 6.74%。
This study was designed to determine the maximum replacing levels of Fish Meal (FM) by a Plant Protein Mixture (PPM) in eight diets for Nile tilapia. The PPM consisted of cottonseed, sunflower, canola, seasme and linseed meals. FM in the basal diet was replaced by PPM in the diets at replacing levels of 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 and 100%. A total number of 480 Nile tilapia were randomly distributed into eight treatments, each in three replicates. After 12 weeks of feeding, replacement of 15, 30 or 45% of FM by PPM did not significantly affected Feed Intake (FI), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) and the Apparent Digestibilities Coefficient (ADC) of Dry Matter (DM), Crude Protein (CP) and Ehter Extract (EE), while the highest replacing levels (60, 75, 90 or 100%) significantly (P<0.05) reduced these parametesr. Growth parameters were relatively parallel to those of FI, FCR and PER whereas, replacement up to 45% exhibited Body Weight (BW), Body Length (BL), Weight Gain (WG) and Specific Growth Rate (SGR) not differing significantly (P<0.001) from the fish fed control diet. Compared to control, increasing PPM in the diets significantly reduced hemoglobin, hematocrite and the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The incorporation of PPM in diets did not significantly affect whole-body Dry Matter (DM) and Crude Protein (CP). From economic view, replacement of FM by PPM up to 45% in tilapia diets reduced feed costs/kg diet and feed costs/kg weight gain by 11.40 and 6.74%, respectively.