The heritability of depressive symptoms: multiple informants and multiple measures
The heritability of depressive symptoms: multiple informants and multiple measures
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DOI：
10.1111/1469-7610.00038
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发表时间：
2002-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rose, RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Happonen, M;Pulkkinen, L;Rose, RJ
背景资料：早期的研究表明，在显著的年龄和性别限制效应的背景下，儿童抑郁症状的遗传度估计存在较大的评分者差异。研究方法：根据一项正在进行的基于人群的双胞胎家庭研究的数据，我们估计了遗传和环境对儿童抑郁症的影响，模型允许性别特异性效应。我们对双胞胎的评估包括自我报告和他们的同学、父母和老师的评分，允许根据不同被调查者的数据估计遗传和环境影响。模型拟合使用对数转换数据的最大似然估计，样本为1,366对11岁和12岁的双胞胎。结果如下：在所有四个被调查者中，男孩和女孩的加性遗传效应的估计值都是显著的，并且，标准化以反映表型方差的百分比，这些估计值的范围从0.28到0.71。显着的影响，从共同的环境来源被发现在教师和家长的评级，其中，通常情况下，一个人的评级都co-twins，但既不是在同行提名，也不是自我评级。教师和家长的评级的相关性是温和的，双变量模型拟合发现，无论是遗传或共享的环境影响之间的教师和家长的评级没有相关性。在这么小的年龄，性别限制效应只在教师评级中被发现，其中女孩的遗传效应大于男孩。结论：结果强调使用多个线人来衡量儿童的行为，并提供了一个基础，这些双胞胎在青春期后期的后续行动的效用。
Background: Earlier research suggests large rater differences in heritability estimates of children's depressive symptoms in the context of significant age and sex-limitation effects. Methods: With data from an ongoing, population-based twin-family study, we estimated genetic and environmental influences on children's depression with models allowing for sex-specific effects. Our assessments of twins included self-reports and ratings made by their classmate peers, their parents and their teachers, allowing estimates of genetic and environmental effects with data from different informants. Model-fitting used maximum likelihood estimation of log-transformed data from a sample of 1,366 11- and 12-year-old twin pairs. Results: Estimates of additive genetic effects were significant for both boys and girls across all four informants, and, standardized to reflect the percentage of phenotypic variance accounted for, those estimates ranged from .28 to .71. Significant effects from common environmental sources were found in ratings of teachers and parents, where, typically, one individual rated both co-twins, but neither in peer nominations nor self-ratings. The correlation of teacher and parent ratings was modest, and bivariate model-fitting found no correlation in either genetic or shared environmental effects between teacher and parental ratings. At this young age, sex-limitation effects were found only in teacher ratings, where genetic effects were greater in girls than in boys. Conclusions: Results underscore the utility of using multiple informants to measure children's behavior and provide a foundation for follow-up of these twins in later adolescence.