Scale issues in the study of primate foraging: Red Colobus of Kibale National Park
Scale issues in the study of primate foraging: Red Colobus of Kibale National Park
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DOI：
10.1002/ajpa.10053
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发表时间：
2002-04-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Gillespie, TR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chapman, CA;Chapman, LJ;Gillespie, TR
饮食数据已被用来解决一些理论问题。我们经常计算吃不同食物的时间比例（例如，果实、叶），以将物种归入饮食类别，并在类别之间对比形态或行为特征。然而，我们对物种在植物部分和消费物种方面的灵活性知之甚少。为了解决这个问题，我们分析了来自乌干达Kibale国家公园的红疣猴（Procolobus badius）的饮食数据，以评估食用植物部位和物种的时空变异性。在考虑了观察者的差异和取样问题后，我们评估了如果在不同年份取样，一组人的饮食会有多大的不同。我们发现，在4年的时间里，同一组的饮食显示出显著的、一致的变化。例如，花在树叶上的时间从1994年的56%增加到1998年的76%。栖息在不同类型森林中的八个群体所食用的植物部分和物种（例如，原始的，伐木的，沿河的）在各组之间有所不同。最大的种间差异出现在使用嫩叶（38%）。饮食差异也被发现之间的组重叠的家庭范围（41-49%重叠）。不同亚种的Procolobus badius也不同的饮食，但是，这种变化往往是没有的幅度记录在Kibale为同一人口。事实上，饮食可以在小的空间和短的时间尺度在同一物种内有很大的不同，提出了一个有趣的问题，什么水平的种间差异是生物学上的重要解决特定的问题。我们的结论是，行为的灵活性模糊了我们传统的刻板印象评估灵长类动物，一个组，占据一个特定的栖息地在一个时间点的研究可能不足以代表物种。(C)2002 Wiley-Liss，Inc.
Diet data have been used to address a number of theoretical issues. We often calculate the proportion of time spent eating different foods (e.g., fruits, leaves) to place species into dietary categories and contrast morphological or behavioral traits among categories. Yet we have little understanding of how flexible species can be in terms of the plant parts and species consumed. To address this issue, we analyzed data on the diets of red colobus monkeys (Procolobus badius) from Kibale National Park, Uganda, to evaluate temporal and spatial variability in the plant parts and species eaten. After considering observer differences and sampling issues, we evaluated how different a group's diet could be if samples were taken in different years. We found that the diet of the same groups showed significant, consistent changes over a 4-year period. For example, the time spent feeding on leaves increased from 56% in 1994 to 76% in 1998. The plant parts and species eaten by eight groups inhabiting different types of forest (e.g., pristine, logged, riverine) varied among groups. The largest interdemic difference was seen in the use of young leaves (38%). Dietary differences were also found between groups with overlapping home ranges (41-49% overlap). Different subspecies of Procolobus badius also varied in diet; however, this variation was often not of the magnitude documented within Kibale for the same population. The fact that diet can vary considerably over small spatial and short temporal scales within the same species raises the intriguing question as to what level of interspecific difference is biologically significant for addressing particular questions. We conclude that behavioral flexibility blurs our traditional stereotypic assessment of primates; a study of one group that occupies a specific habitat at one point in time may not adequately represent the species. (C) 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.