Advantage of dichromats over trichromats in discrimination of color-camouflaged stimuli in nonhuman primates
Advantage of dichromats over trichromats in discrimination of color-camouflaged stimuli in nonhuman primates
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DOI：
10.1002/ajp.20197
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发表时间：
2005-12-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Hasegawa, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saito, A;Mikami, A;Hasegawa, T
由于中长波长敏感（M/LWS）锥视蛋白多态性，新世界猴的色觉存在相当大的表型变异。许多女性有三色视觉，而一些女性和所有男性有二色视觉。维持这种多态性的选择压力尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们比较了二色视者和三色视者在辨别任务中的表现。我们研究了三色和双色的两个物种：棕色卷尾猴（Cebus apella）和长尾猕猴（Macaca fascicularis）的个人。我们还研究了一个protanomalous黑猩猩（潘troglodytes）。受试者的任务是区分圆形图案与其他图案，其中纹理元素在方向和厚度上与背景不同。在他们接受了单一颜色的刺激训练后，受试者被呈现了一个覆盖在图案上的绿色/红色马赛克的彩色刺激。二色视的猴子和黑猩猩选择正确的刺激，在模拟条件下的利率显着高于机会水平，而三色视没有。这些研究结果表明，二色性非人灵长类动物具有上级视觉能力，以区分颜色-刺激，这种能力可能会赋予选择性优势，相对于检测神秘的食物和/或捕食者。Am. J. Primatol. 67：425-436，2005. (c)2005 Wiley-Liss，Inc.
Due to a middle- to long-wavelength-sensitive (M/LWS) cone opsin polymorphism, there is considerable phenotypic variation in the color vision of New World monkeys. Many females have trichromatic vision, whereas some females and all males have dichromatic vision. The selective pressures that maintain this polymorphism are unclear. In the present study we compared the performance of dichromats and trichromats in a discrimination task. We examined tri- and dichromatic individuals of two species: brown capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) and long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis). We also examined one protanomalous chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). The subjects' task was to discriminate a circular pattern from other patterns in which textural elements differed in orientation and thickness from the background. After they were trained with stimuli of a single color, the subjects were presented with color-camouflaged stimuli with a green/red mosaic overlaid onto the pattern. The dichromatic monkeys and the protanomalous chimpanzee selected the correct stimulus under camouflaged conditions at rates significantly above chance levels, while the trichromats did not. These findings demonstrate that dichromatic nonhuman primates possess a superior visual ability to discriminate color-camouflaged stimuli, and that such an ability may confer selective advantages with respect to the detection of cryptic foods and/or predators. Am. J. Primatol. 67:425-436, 2005. (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.