Information scrambling and chaos in open quantum systems
Information scrambling and chaos in open quantum systems
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DOI：
10.1103/physreva.103.062214
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发表时间：
2020-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Zanardi;Namit Anand
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Zanardi;Namit Anand
近年来，超时序相关器（OTOCs）被广泛用于研究多体系统中的信息置乱和量子混沌。本文推广了Styliaris等人的平均二部OTOC的形式。开放量子系统的研究进展[j] .光子学报，2016(1):1 - 2。动力学不再是单一的，而是由更一般的量子通道（迹保持，完全正映射）来描述。这种“开二部OTOC”可以用精确的解析方式处理，并显示为两个量子通道之间的距离。此外，我们的分析形式揭示了信息混乱和环境退相干的竞争性熵贡献，使得后者可以混淆前者。为了阐明这种微妙的相互作用，我们分析研究了特殊类别的量子通道，即减相通道，纠缠破缺通道等。最后，作为一个物理应用，我们数值研究了耗散多体自旋链，并展示了竞争熵效应如何用于区分可积和混沌状态。
Out-of-time-ordered correlators (OTOCs) have been extensively used over the last few years to study information scrambling and quantum chaos in many-body systems. In this paper, we extend the formalism of the averaged bipartite OTOC of Styliaris et al [Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 030601 (2021)] to the case of open quantum systems. The dynamics is no longer unitary but it is described by more general quantum channels (trace preserving, completely positive maps). This “open bipartite OTOC” can be treated in an exact analytical fashion and is shown to amount to a distance between two quantum channels. Moreover, our analytical form unveils competing entropic contributions from information scrambling and environmental decoherence such that the latter can obfuscate the former. To elucidate this subtle interplay we analytically study special classes of quantum channels, namely, dephasing channels, entanglement-breaking channels, and others. Finally, as a physical application we numerically study dissipative many-body spin-chains and show how the competing entropic effects can be used to differentiate between integrable and chaotic regimes.