Coordinated control of oligodendrocyte development by extrinsic and intrinsic signaling cues.
Coordinated control of oligodendrocyte development by extrinsic and intrinsic signaling cues.
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DOI：
10.1007/s12264-013-1318-y
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发表时间：
2013-04
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Lu QR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He L;Lu QR
少突胶质细胞是中枢神经系统中用于轴突鞘化的髓鞘形成细胞，对于最大化和维持神经冲动的传导速度和适当的脑功能至关重要。由损伤或疾病引起的脱髓鞘以及髓鞘再生的失败破坏了动作电位沿沿着神经纤维的快速传播，并且与获得性和遗传性疾病相关，包括破坏性多发性硬化症和脑白质营养不良。少突胶质细胞髓鞘形成和髓鞘再生的分子机制仍然知之甚少。近年来，Shh、Notch、BMP、Wnt等信号通路及其细胞内效应物Olig 1/2、Hes 1/5、Smads、TCFs等在少突胶质细胞的发育和髓鞘形成中发挥重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了我们最近的理解，这些信号通路如何调节少突胶质细胞的规格和分化的进展，时空特异性的方式。更好地了解少突胶质细胞发育过程中细胞外信号和细胞内决定因素的复杂但协调的功能，将有助于设计有效的策略来促进脱髓鞘疾病患者的髓鞘修复。
Oligodendrocytes, the myelin-forming cells for axon ensheathment in the central nervous system, are critical for maximizing and maintaining the conduction velocity of nerve impulses and proper brain function. Demyelination caused by injury or disease together with failure of myelin regeneration disrupts the rapid propagation of action potentials along nerve fibers, and is associated with acquired and inherited disorders, including devastating multiple sclerosis and leukodystrophies. The molecular mechanisms of oligodendrocyte myelination and remyelination remain poorly understood. Recently, a series of signaling pathways including Shh, Notch, BMP and Wnt signaling and their intracellular effectors such as Olig1/2, Hes1/5, Smads and TCFs, have been shown to play important roles in regulating oligodendrocyte development and myelination. In this review, we summarize our recent understanding of how these signaling pathways modulate the progression of oligodendrocyte specification and differentiation in a spatiotemporally-specific manner. A better understanding of the complex but coordinated function of extracellular signals and intracellular determinants during oligodendrocyte development will help to devise effective strategies to promote myelin repair for patients with demyelinating diseases.