The reemergence of Ebola hemorrhagic fever, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1995
The reemergence of Ebola hemorrhagic fever, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1995
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DOI：
10.1086/514306
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发表时间：
1999-02-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Ksiazek, TG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Khan, AS;Tshioko, FK;Ksiazek, TG
1995年5月，一个国际团队对刚果民主共和国基奎特爆发的埃博拉出血热（EHF）进行了特征描述并加以控制。采用了多种方法开展积极监测，包括挨家挨户搜查、查阅医院和诊所的记录、询问医护人员、回顾性接触者追踪以及对疑似病例直接随访。在现场，临床病例定义为发热且有出血症状、发热且接触过病例患者，或者发热且具备10种症状中的至少3种。共确认了315例埃博拉出血热病例，病死率为81%，不包括10例实验室结果为阴性的临床病例。有记录的最早病例患者发病于1月6日，最后一例病例患者于7月16日死亡。80例（25%）发生在医护人员中。可能有两人是50多例病例的感染源。通过采取屏障护理技术、开展健康教育以及快速识别病例，疫情得以终止。
In May 1995, an international team characterized and contained an outbreak of Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) in Kikwit, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Active surveillance was instituted using several methods, including house-to-house search, review of hospital and dispensary logs, interview of health care personnel, retrospective contact tracing, and direct follow-up of suspect cases. In the field, a clinical case was defined as fever and hemorrhagic signs, fever plus contact with a case-patient, or fever plus at least 3 of 10 symptoms. A total of 315 cases of EHF, with an 81% case fatality, were identified, excluding 10 clinical cases with negative laboratory results. The earliest documented case-patient had onset on 6 January, and the last case-patient died on 16 July. Eighty cases (25%) occurred among health care workers. Two individuals may have been the source of infection for >50 cases. The outbreak was terminated by the initiation of barrier-nursing techniques, health education efforts, and rapid identification of cases.