Relationship of the Acoustic Startle Response and Its Modulation to Adaptive and Maladaptive Behaviors in Typically Developing Children and Those With Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Pilot Study
Relationship of the Acoustic Startle Response and Its Modulation to Adaptive and Maladaptive Behaviors in Typically Developing Children and Those With Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Pilot Study
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2019.00005
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发表时间：
2019-01-22
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Kamio, Yoko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ebishima, Ken;Takahashi, Hidetoshi;Kamio, Yoko
背景：自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）与日常生活多个领域的适应性功能持续障碍有关。因此，研究适应行为和不适应行为的生物学背景可能有助于制定有效的干预措施来改善自闭症患者的社会适应。在这项研究中，我们探讨了适应/不适应行为与声惊吓反应（ASR）及其调节的关系，这是ASD转化研究中有希望的神经生理指标。方法：对11例ASD患儿和18例典型发育（TD）患儿的ASR及其调节进行调查，分析惊吓测量与Vineland适应行为量表（VABS）第二版评估的适应/不适应行为之间的关系。结果：ASR峰值潜伏期与VABS总分和适应行为社会化领域评分呈负相关，75 ~ 85 dB较弱刺激的ASR强度与VABS适应不良行为评分呈正相关。在70-75 dB的预脉冲强度下，预脉冲抑制（PPI）也与VABS不良行为相关。然而，经过多次比较调整后，这些关系不再显著。结论：我们的研究结果提示，ASD儿童的ASR峰潜伏期延长可能与适应行为发育水平的损害有关，ASD儿童对相对较弱的声刺激的ASR幅度越大，PPI越小，可能会增加其发生适应不良行为的风险。未来有更大样本量的研究将对进一步阐明支持ASD适应和不适应行为的神经生理因素很重要。
Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with persistent impairments in adaptive functioning across multiple domains of daily life. Thus, investigation of the biological background of both adaptive and maladaptive behaviors may shed light on developing effective interventions for improving social adaptation in ASD. In this study, we examined the relationship between adaptive/maladaptive behaviors and the acoustic startle response (ASR) and its modulation, which are promising neurophysiological markers for ASD translational research.Method: We investigated the ASR and its modulation in 11 children with ASD and 18 with typical development (TD), analyzing the relationship between startle measures and adaptive/maladaptive behaviors assessed with the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS) Second Edition.Results: Peak-ASR latency was negatively correlated with the VABS total score and socialization domain score of adaptive behaviors, while the ASR magnitude for relatively weak stimuli of 75-85 dB was positively correlated with VABS maladaptive behavior scores. Prepulse inhibition (PPI) at the prepulse intensity of 70-75 dB was also correlated with VABS maladaptive behavior. However, these relationships did not remain significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons.Conclusions: Our results indicate that the prolonged peak-ASR latency of ASD children might be associated with impairment in the developmental level of adaptive behavior, and that the greater ASR magnitude to relatively weak acoustic stimuli and smaller PPI of ASD children might increase the risk of maladaptive behavior. Future studies that have larger sample sizes will be important for further elucidating the neurophysiological factors that underpin adaptive as well as maladaptive behaviors in ASD.