BRAIN WEIGHT OF THE DANES
BRAIN WEIGHT OF THE DANES
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丹麦人的脑重量
DOI：
10.1159/000142510
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发表时间：
1964
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
J. Voigt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Pakkenberg;J. Voigt
这似乎是一个合理的假设，如人类大脑的重量大小是很好地建立起来的，但在检查关于这个问题的文献时，本身在范围上相对较少，事实上，在出版的材料中存在相当大的差异。此外，这些变化不能仅仅用材料组成的差异来解释。许多其他因素也起一定作用，例如，通过测量颅容量间接测定体重，或死亡与测定体重之间的时间变化。死亡原因各不相同这一事实很重要;大多数已发表的系列研究都来自医院，包括精神病院（最大的系列研究也是如此，即阿佩尔和阿佩尔的研究[1942]）。这意味着正常大脑的重量并不为人所知，因为毫无疑问，在大多数以死亡告终的疾病中，大脑的重量会受到或多或少的影响。来自精神病院的系列包括所有死亡时患有脑萎缩的人。在来自华盛顿圣伊丽莎白医院的大型材料（阿佩尔和阿佩尔）中，共有2752个脑，脑的平均重量为1300 g（男性），而Bailey和Bonin [1951]基于几乎所有现有系列计算的平均值为1345 g（男性）。表1列出了迄今为止报告的平均脑重量。戴维斯的数字[1868]是基于颅骨体积，通过使用沙子确定，并扣除15%的脑膜和液体。在检查他的结果时，作者发现他的值可能太高了，特别是在老年受试者的情况下。Bischoff的材料[1880]来自解剖学研究所，但没有说明死亡原因。Relzius [1900]也没有对他的材料做更多的说明，只是说它来自瑞典的一个病理学研究所。文献中唯一的法医材料是Matiegka [1902]。他称了布拉格法医研究所的581个大脑。如表所示，他发现大脑重量高于所有其他结果（1450 g）。他对这个结果不加评论。Marchand [1902]对18-50岁受试者的大脑进行称重。材料来源于马尔堡的病理研究所。我们知道更少的数字提出的温特[1934年]谁不说明他的材料的来源。Shihata [1936]称了韩国人的脑重量，所有来自已知涉及脑重量低的疾病患者的脑被排除在外。
It would seem a reasonable assumption that a magnitude such as the weight of the human brain was well established, but on examining the literature on the subject, itself relatively scanty in extent, considerable variations are in fact found to exist in the material published. Furthermore, these variations cannot be explained solely by differences in the composition of the material. A number of other factors must play a part, for example determination of the weight indirectly, by measuring the cranial capacity, or variation in the time elapsing between death and determi nation of the weight. The fact that the causes of death vary is of importance; most of the series published are from hospitals, including mental hospitals (as is the case with the largest series, that of Appel and Appel [1942]). The implication of this is that the weight of the normal brain is not well known, as there can be no doubt that in most diseases terminating in death, the weight of the brain will have been influenced to a greater or lesser degree. The series from mental hospitals include all persons with cerebral atrophy at death. In the large material from St. Elizabeth’s Hospital in Washington (Appel and Appel), a total of 2752 brains, the mean weight of the brain was 1300 g (male), while the mean value calculated by Bailey and Bonin [1951] on the basis of almost all existing series, was 1345 g (male). Table I gives a number of the mean brain weights so far reported. Davis' figure [1868] is based on cranial volume, determined by using sand, and 15% is deducted for meninges and fluid. On checking his results the author finds that his values are probably too high, especially in the case of older subjects. Bischoff's material [1880] originates from an anatomical institute, but the causes of death are not stated. Nor docs Relzius [1900] state any more about his material than that it originates from a pathological institute in Sweden. The only forensic material in the literature is that of Matiegka [1902]. He weighed 581 brains from the forensic institute in Prague. As the table indicates, he found a brain weight higher than all the other results (1450 g). He makes no com ment on this result. Marchand [1902] weighed brains from subjects aged 18-50 years. The material originates from the pathological institute in Marburg. We know even less of the figures presented by Vint [1934] who does not state the origin of his material. Shihata [1936] weighed Korean brains, which were selected, all those from patients with disease known to involve low brain weight, being excluded.