Branching pattern of flexible trees for environmental load mitigation
Branching pattern of flexible trees for environmental load mitigation
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用于减轻环境负荷的柔性树的分枝模式
DOI：
10.1088/1748-3190/ac759e
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Shoele, Kourosh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ojo, Oluwafemi;Shoele, Kourosh
风应力是树木倒塌的主要力学原因。在众多因素中，树枝机制对树木在风暴中的应力分布和稳定性起着核心作用。最近的一项研究表明，列奥纳多·达·芬奇最初的观察是正确的，他说，保存在分枝节点上的树枝的总横截面是抵抗僵硬树木风害的最佳配置。然而，树木的折断风险和最佳分枝模式也是它们的重构能力和它们用来缓解高风应力热点的过程的函数。在这项研究中，利用刚性和柔性分枝树的数值模型，我们探索了树木的灵活性和分枝模式在其重构和缓解压力能力中的作用。我们确定了稳健的最优分枝机制，以获得广泛的树灵活性。我们的结果表明，在从树干到顶端叶的每个分枝水平上，一棵树的断裂概率强烈地依赖于分枝节点的横截面变化、整个树的几何形状和树的灵活性水平。确定了三种响应类型：主干的应力集中，树高的均匀应力水平，以及末端枝条的大量应力局部化。树的可重构性决定了主要的响应模式。结果表明，柔性树和刚性树的最优分枝规律非常相似，在树的整个高度都存在均匀的应力分布。一个例外是非常灵活的分枝植物，其中最优分枝模式偏离这一预测，并受到树的可重构性的强烈影响。
Wind-induced stress is the primary mechanical cause of tree failures. Among different factors, the branching mechanism plays a central role in the stress distribution and stability of trees in windstorms. A recent study showed that Leonardo da Vinci's original observation, stating that the total cross section of branches conserved across branching nodes is the optimal configuration for resisting wind-induced damage in rigid trees, is correct. However, the breaking risk and the optimal branching pattern of trees are also a function of their reconfiguration capabilities and the processes they employ to mitigate high wind-induced stress hotspots. In this study, using a numerical model of rigid and flexible branched trees, we explore the role of flexibility and branching patterns of trees in their reconfiguration and stress mitigation capabilities. We identify the robust optimal branching mechanism for an extensive range of tree flexibility. Our results show that the probability of a tree breaking at each branching level from the stem to terminal foliage strongly depends on the cross section changes in the branching nodes, the overall tree geometry, and the level of tree flexibility. Three response categories have been identified: the stress concentration in the main trunk, the uniform stress level through the tree's height, and substantial stress localization in the terminal branches. The reconfigurability of the tree determines the dominant response mode. The results suggest a very similar optimal branching law for both flexible and rigid trees wherein uniform stress distribution occurs throughout the tree's height. An exception is the very flexible branched plants in which the optimal branching pattern deviates from this prediction and is strongly affected by the reconfigurability of the tree.
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影响因子：
4
作者：
R. Milne
通讯作者：
R. Milne
锡琴云杉茎内应力的弹性和垂直分布。
影响因子：
4
作者：
R. Milne;P. Blackburn
通讯作者：
P. Blackburn
影响因子：
2
作者：
Paul Kruszewski;S. Whitesides
通讯作者：
S. Whitesides
减少阻力，从弯曲到修剪
DOI：
10.1209/0295-5075/108/48002
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
Europhysics Letters
影响因子：
--
作者：
Diego Lopez;Christophe Eloy;S'ebastien Michelin;E. D. Langre
通讯作者：
E. D. Langre
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
L. Tadrist;M. Saudreau;P. Hémon;X. Amandolese;André Marquier;T. Leclercq;E. de Langre
通讯作者：
L. Tadrist;M. Saudreau;P. Hémon;X. Amandolese;André Marquier;T. Leclercq;E. de Langre