Impact of promoting longer-lasting insecticide treatment of bed nets upon malaria transmission in a rural Tanzanian setting with pre-existing high coverage of untreated nets
Impact of promoting longer-lasting insecticide treatment of bed nets upon malaria transmission in a rural Tanzanian setting with pre-existing high coverage of untreated nets
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DOI：
10.1186/1475-2875-9-187
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发表时间：
2010-06-28
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Killeen, Gerry F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Russell, Tanya L.;Lwetoijera, Dickson W.;Killeen, Gerry F.
背景：20世纪90年代，坦桑尼亚南部的纳马瓦拉和伊代特村社区经历了极高的疟疾传播。到2001- 2003年，由于未经处理的蚊帐使用率很高（占所有年龄组的75%），疟疾传播强度降低了4.2倍。自2006年以来，一个全国性的方案，促进了使用更持久的杀虫剂治疗包（包括杀虫剂加粘合剂）共同包装的所有床nets.Methods：昆虫接种率（EIR）估计通过每月的调查在72所房子随机选择的两个村庄。在2008年1月至12月期间，使用放置在有人使用的蚊帐旁边的CDC灯光诱捕器捕获蚊子（n = 1，648个诱捕器夜晚）。子样本的蚊子，从每个陷阱，以确定奇偶校验状态，子孢子感染和冈比亚按蚊复杂的兄弟species identity.Results：与历史平均EIR相似的1400感染叮咬/人/年（IB/P/Y）在1990-94年相比，2008年的估计为81 IB/P/Y代表了18倍的减少为一个没有保护的人没有网。长效杀虫剂处理以及高蚊帐覆盖率的综合影响与EIR减少4.6倍有关，而仅使用未经处理的蚊帐的影响除外。扩大蚊帐和随后的杀虫剂处理使嗜食、嗜内食的主要病媒物种严格意义上的冈比亚按蚊的密度减少了79%。结论：驱虫蚊帐不仅能降低疟疾传播强度，而且能降低疟疾传播强度。对高度嗜食性、内食性主要媒介的影响最为明显，导致A.冈比亚情结。
Background: The communities of Namawala and Idete villages in southern Tanzania experienced extremely high malaria transmission in the 1990s. By 2001-03, following high usage rates (75% of all age groups) of untreated bed nets, a 4.2-fold reduction in malaria transmission intensity was achieved. Since 2006, a national-scale programme has promoted the use of longer-lasting insecticide treatment kits (consisting of an insecticide plus binder) co-packaged with all bed nets manufactured in the country.Methods: The entomological inoculation rate (EIR) was estimated through monthly surveys in 72 houses randomly selected in each of the two villages. Mosquitoes were caught using CDC light traps placed beside occupied bed nets between January and December 2008 (n = 1,648 trap nights). Sub-samples of mosquitoes were taken from each trap to determine parity status, sporozoite infection and Anopheles gambiae complex sibling species identity.Results: Compared with a historical mean EIR of similar to 1400 infectious bites/person/year (ib/p/y) in 1990-94; the 2008 estimate of 81 ib/p/y represents an 18-fold reduction for an unprotected person without a net. The combined impact of longer-lasting insecticide treatments as well as high bed net coverage was associated with a 4.6-fold reduction in EIR, on top of the impact from the use of untreated nets alone. The scale-up of bed nets and subsequent insecticidal treatment has reduced the density of the anthropophagic, endophagic primary vector species, Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto, by 79%. In contrast, the reduction in density of the zoophagic, exophagic sibling species Anopheles arabiensis was only 38%.Conclusion: Insecticide treatment of nets reduced the intensity of malaria transmission in addition to that achieved by the untreated nets alone. Impacts were most pronounced against the highly anthropophagic, endophagic primary vector, leading to a shift in the sibling species composition of the A. gambiae complex.