Integrative omics analysis of the termite gut system adaptation to Miscanthus diet identifies lignocellulose degradation enzymes
Integrative omics analysis of the termite gut system adaptation to Miscanthus diet identifies lignocellulose degradation enzymes
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DOI：
10.1038/s42003-020-1004-3
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Delfosse, Philippe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Calusinska, Magdalena;Marynowska, Martyna;Delfosse, Philippe
通过元基因组学和元转录组学分析，Calusinska等人研究了白蚁Cortaritermes sp.的肠道微生物组对芒草饮食的适应性。这项工作是一个起点，为确定潜在的生物技术应用的木质纤维素降解酶。芒生物量可以满足未来的生物炼制价值链。然而，由于其高度的可重复性，其使用在很大程度上尚未开发。白蚁及其肠道微生物组被认为是自然界中最有效的木质纤维素降解系统。在这里，我们调查在holobiont水平的动态适应Cortaritermes sp.施加芒草饮食，克服木质纤维素的长期目标。我们使用综合组学方法，结合白蚁肠道纤维杆菌和螺旋体的碳水化合物活性酶的酶特征。肠道细菌的基因表达谱的修改建议转向利用纤维素和阿拉伯木聚糖，芒属木质纤维素的两个主要组成部分。重建的微生物基因组与密切相关的物种的低同一性支持宿主与其肠道微生物组之间的强系统发育关系的假设。该研究为更好地理解高等白蚁肠道系统对复杂木质纤维素的降解提供了框架，并为其未来的生物勘探铺平了道路。
Through metagenomics and metatranscriptomics analyses, Calusinska et al. investigate the adaptation of the gut microbiome of the termite Cortaritermes sp. to a diet of Miscanthus grass. This work is a starting point for the identification of lignocellulose-degradation enzymes for potential biotechnology applications.Miscanthus sp. biomass could satisfy future biorefinery value chains. However, its use is largely untapped due to high recalcitrance. The termite and its gut microbiome are considered the most efficient lignocellulose degrading system in nature. Here, we investigate at holobiont level the dynamic adaptation of Cortaritermes sp. to imposed Miscanthus diet, with a long-term objective of overcoming lignocellulose recalcitrance. We use an integrative omics approach combined with enzymatic characterisation of carbohydrate active enzymes from termite gut Fibrobacteres and Spirochaetae. Modified gene expression profiles of gut bacteria suggest a shift towards utilisation of cellulose and arabinoxylan, two main components of Miscanthus lignocellulose. Low identity of reconstructed microbial genomes to closely related species supports the hypothesis of a strong phylogenetic relationship between host and its gut microbiome. This study provides a framework for better understanding the complex lignocellulose degradation by the higher termite gut system and paves a road towards its future bioprospecting.