Seasonal breeding drives the incidence of a chronic bacterial infection in a free-living herbivore population.
Seasonal breeding drives the incidence of a chronic bacterial infection in a free-living herbivore population.
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季节性繁殖会导致自由生活的食草动物群体中慢性细菌感染的发生。
DOI：
10.1017/s0950268810002311
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Cattadori,IM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pathak,AK;Boag,B;Poss,M;Harvill,ET;Cattadori,IM
了解与年龄相关的感染发病率的季节性变化可以揭示宿主异质性如何影响传播以及如何控制社会群体之间的感染传播。季节性强迫在人类儿童疾病中已有很好的记录，但在自由生活和社会结构的动物种群中与年龄相关的传播机制仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们研究了支气管败血波氏杆菌在自由生活的兔子种群超过5年的季节性动态，并讨论了可能的感染机制。这种细菌已在牲畜和野生动物中分离出来，它会引起呼吸道感染，在个体之间迅速传播，并持续存在亚临床感染。从每月取样的兔子中收集血清，并使用ELISA进行检查。结果表明，B.支气管败血症在兔子种群中传播，年流行率在88%和97%之间。血清阳性率和抗体光密度指数均表现为1年周期，表明疾病暴发具有季节性，并表明持久的抗体保护是短暂的。年内动态表现出强烈的季节性签名与招聘幼稚的后代在繁殖期间。感染似乎主要是由母亲与幼崽的接触，而不是与社区其他成员的互动。到2个月大时，65%的小猫血清反应阳性。
Understanding seasonal changes in age-related incidence of infections can be revealing for disentangling how host heterogeneities affect transmission and how to control the spread of infections between social groups. Seasonal forcing has been well documented in human childhood diseases but the mechanisms responsible for age-related transmission in free-living and socially structured animal populations are still poorly known. Here we studied the seasonal dynamics of Bordetella bronchiseptica in a free-living rabbit population over 5 years and discuss the possible mechanisms of infection. This bacterium has been isolated in livestock and wildlife where it causes respiratory infections that rapidly spread between individuals and persist as subclinical infections. Sera were collected from rabbits sampled monthly and examined using an ELISA. Findings revealed that B. bronchiseptica circulates in the rabbit population with annual prevalence ranging between 88% and 97%. Both seroprevalence and antibody optical density index exhibited 1-year cycles, indicating that disease outbreaks were seasonal and suggesting that long-lasting antibody protection was transient. Intra-annual dynamics showed a strong seasonal signature associated with the recruitment of naive offspring during the breeding period. Infection appeared to be mainly driven by mother-to-litter contacts rather than by interactions with other members of the community. By age 2 months, 65% of the kittens were seropositive.