Iron-based superparamagnetic nanoparticle contrast agents for MRI of infection and inflammation.
Iron-based superparamagnetic nanoparticle contrast agents for MRI of infection and inflammation.
复制标题
基于铁的超副磁性纳米颗粒对比剂，用于感染和炎症的MRI。
DOI：
10.2214/ajr.14.12733
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发表时间：
2015-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sillerud LO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Neuwelt A;Sidhu N;Hu CA;Mlady G;Eberhardt SC;Sillerud LO
在这篇文章中，我们总结了迄今为止使用超顺磁性氧化铁纳米粒子（SPION）作为炎症过程的MRI造影剂的进展。巨噬细胞对注射SPION的吞噬作用导致T2和T2* 延长缩短，导致对比增强MR图像中巨噬细胞浸润组织的低信号。因此，SPION作为造影剂可用于巨噬细胞浸润的体内MRI检测，并且在使用基于SPION的造影剂进行感染和炎症的MRI方面存在大量研究和临床兴趣。该技术已用于识别脓毒性关节炎和骨髓炎患者的活动性感染;重要的是，已发现组织的MRI信号强度在成功治疗感染后恢复到其未增强值。在血管炎症的SPION对比增强MRI中，动物研究显示，用他汀类药物治疗后，动脉粥样硬化斑块中的巨噬细胞摄取减少。人体研究表明，摄取SPION的冠状动脉和颈动脉斑块更容易破裂，SPION摄取增加的腹主动脉瘤更容易生长。对多发性硬化症患者的研究表明，使用SPION的MRI在斑块检测方面的灵敏度可能高于钆。最后，SPION已经能够在受体宿主中对移植的干细胞进行跟踪和成像。
In this article, we summarize the progress to date on the use of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) as contrast agents for MRI of inflammatory processes. Phagocytosis by macrophages of injected SPIONs results in a prolonged shortening of both T2 and T2* leading to hypointensity of macrophage-infiltrated tissues in contrast-enhanced MR images. SPIONs as contrast agents are therefore useful for the in vivo MRI detection of macrophage infiltration, and there is substantial research and clinical interest in the use of SPION-based contrast agents for MRI of infection and inflammation. This technique has been used to identify active infection in patients with septic arthritis and osteomyelitis; importantly, the MRI signal intensity of the tissue has been found to return to its un-enhanced value on successful treatment of the infection. In SPION contrast-enhanced MRI of vascular inflammation, animal studies have shown decreased macrophage uptake in atherosclerotic plaques after treatment with statin drugs. Human studies have shown that both coronary and carotid plaques that take up SPIONs are more prone to rupture and that abdominal aneurysms with increased SPION uptake are more likely to grow. Studies of patients with multiple sclerosis suggest that MRI using SPIONs may have increased sensitivity over gadolinium for plaque detection. Finally, SPIONs have enabled the tracking and imaging of transplanted stem cells in a recipient host.