Study of a Superconducting Magnetic Diverter for the ATHENA X-Ray Space Telescope
Study of a Superconducting Magnetic Diverter for the ATHENA X-Ray Space Telescope
复制标题
雅典娜X射线太空望远镜超导磁偏转器的研究
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
P. Saracco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Riva;V. Calvelli;R. Musenich;S. Farinon;S. Lotti;P. Saracco
高能天体物理学先进望远镜（ATHENA）是欧洲航天局的X射线望远镜，计划于2028年发射。它将在X射线波段进行观测，利用两个焦平面探测器，其中X射线光子将由硅孔光学器件聚焦。以前的X射线任务已经显示出软质子和离子（低于150 keV/n）的严重问题，这些质子和离子可能进入望远镜的反射镜孔径并集中在焦平面上。这些粒子必须被阻挡或转移，以避免探测器上的背景负载过多。所提出的解决方案是通过位于光学器件和焦平面之间的磁体使质子偏离仪器的视场。一个160000安匝高温超导环形磁铁，由三个或四个圆形线圈位于0.6和1.2米之间的焦平面，可以有效地偏转大部分的入射粒子。直到120 keV的质子的排斥率优于99%，与之前提出的基于永磁体的分流器的约80%相比。在探测器水平（B < 1 mT）的磁场要求以及110 kg的质量预算得到广泛满足。将讨论与超导磁体的操作和可靠性相关的一些方面。
The advanced telescope for high energy astrophysics (ATHENA) is an X-ray telescope of the European space agency which is planned to be launched in 2028. It will carry out observations in the X-ray band, exploiting two focal plane detectors where X-ray photons will be focused by silicon pore optics. Previous X-ray missions have shown a serious issue with soft protons and ions (below 150 keV/n), which could enter the telescope mirror aperture and be concentrated toward the focal plane. These particles must be blocked or diverted to avoid excess background loading on the detectors. The proposed solution is to deflect protons away from the instruments field of view by means of magnets located between the optics and the focal plane. A 160000 amp-turns HTS superconducting toroidal magnet, composed by three or four round coils located between 0.6 and 1.2 m from the focal plane, can efficiently deflect most of the incoming particles. The rejection rate for protons till 120 keV is better than 99%, to be compared with about 80% of a previously proposed diverter based on permanent magnets. The magnetic field requirement at the detectors level (B < 1 mT) is widely satisfied, as well as the mass budget of 110 kg. Challenging aspects related to the operation and reliability of the superconducting magnet will be discussed.