Testosterone reinforcement: intravenous and intracerebroventricular self-administration in male rats and hamsters.
Testosterone reinforcement: intravenous and intracerebroventricular self-administration in male rats and hamsters.
复制标题
睾酮强化：雄性大鼠和仓鼠静脉内和脑室内自我给药。
DOI：
10.1007/s00213-003-1587-7
复制
发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Self,DavidW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wood,RuthI;Johnson,LukeR;Chu,Lucy;Schad,Christina;Self,DavidW
合成代谢类固醇是被滥用的药物。然而，上瘾的可能性仍不清楚。睾酮诱导大鼠的条件位置偏好和仓鼠的口服自我给药。目的观察雄性大鼠和仓鼠是否通过静脉注射或脑室内（ICV）给药。方法在操作性条件反射室进行每日4 h的实验，性腺完整的成年大鼠和仓鼠通过颈静脉插管接受含β-环糊精水溶液的睾酮50 μg。不活跃的鼻戳孔作为对照。其他仓鼠接受车辆注射。结果大鼠（n=7）对有活动鼻戳孔的反应（10.0±2.8个反应/4 h）明显优于无活动鼻戳孔（4.7±1.2个反应/4 h）。同样，在16天的睾酮自我给药IV期间，仓鼠（n=9）在激活和非激活鼻孔孔中平均反应分别为11.7±2.9和6.3±1.1次/4 h。相比之下，对照组（n=8）未能对主动戳鼻孔产生偏好（6.5±0.5和6.4±0.3反应/4 h）。8只仓鼠自行注射1 μg睾酮ICV（活性孔：39.8±6.0次/4 h；非活性孔：22.6±7.1次/4 h）。在6 d内，睾酮替代体后，活动孔戳鼻反应从31.1±7.6次/ h下降到11.9±3.2次/ h。同样地，逆转激活孔和非激活孔会使先前非激活孔的戳鼻反应从9.1±1.9次增加到25.6±5.4次/4 h。然而，将睾酮剂量从1 μl降低到0.2 μg / 1 μl并没有改变戳鼻反应。结论与其他药物滥用相比，睾酮强化作用是适度的。尽管如此，这些数据支持睾丸激素正在增强的假设。
RationaleAnabolic steroids are drugs of abuse. However, the potential for addiction remains unclear. Testosterone induces conditioned place preference in rats and oral self-administration in hamsters.ObjectivesTo determine if male rats and hamsters consume testosterone by intravenous (IV) or intracerebroventricular (ICV) self-administration.MethodsWith each nose-poke in the active hole during daily 4-h tests in an operant conditioning chamber, gonad-intact adult rats and hamsters received 50 μg testosterone in an aqueous solution of β-cyclodextrin via jugular cannula. The inactive nose-poke hole served as a control. Additional hamsters received vehicle infusions.ResultsRats (n=7) expressed a significant preference for the active nose-poke hole (10.0±2.8 responses/4 h) over the inactive hole (4.7±1.2 responses/4 h). Similarly, during 16 days of testosterone self-administration IV, hamsters (n=9) averaged 11.7±2.9 responses/4 h and 6.3±1.1 responses/4 h in the active and inactive nose-poke holes, respectively. By contrast, vehicle controls (n=8) failed to develop a preference for the active nose-poke hole (6.5±0.5 and 6.4±0.3 responses/4 h). Hamsters (n=8) also self-administered 1 μg testosterone ICV (active hole:39.8±6.0 nose-pokes/4 h; inactive hole: 22.6±7.1 nose-pokes/4 h). When testosterone was replaced with vehicle, nose-poking in the active hole declined from 31.1±7.6 to 11.9±3.2 responses/4 h within 6 days. Likewise, reversing active and inactive holes increased nose-poking in the previously inactive hole from 9.1±1.9 to 25.6±5.4 responses/4 h. However, reducing the testosterone dose from 1 μg to 0.2 μg per 1 μl injection did not change nose-poking.ConclusionsCompared with other drugs of abuse, testosterone reinforcement is modest. Nonetheless, these data support the hypothesis that testosterone is reinforcing.