Alkali metal cation engineering in organic/inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells
Alkali metal cation engineering in organic/inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells
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DOI：
10.1088/1674-4926/43/1/010203
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发表时间：
2022-01-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Ding Liming
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wang Jilin;Tang Ruibin;Ding Liming
在过去的十年中，有机-无机杂化钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）取得了快速发展。由于钙钛矿独特的光电性能，PSC的功率转换效率（PCE）已从3.8%跃升至25.5%[1-4]。然而，在光照、水分、氧气和热的刺激下，由于这些软晶格晶体中的组分之间的弱键合，钙钛矿表现出不令人满意的稳定性[5-7]。用碱金属阳离子进行掺杂和钝化工程可以增强钙钛矿材料的固有稳定性。本文综述了碱金属阳离子工程的最新进展，讨论了碱金属阳离子对晶体结构、晶格结构、光伏性能和稳定性的影响，并对碱金属阳离子的掺杂进行了探索[8，9]。Cs+和Rb+可以占据钙钛矿晶格中的A位（图1（a））。MA/FA钙钛矿中较小的Cs+（1.69 μ m）降低了容差因子，使晶体结构向立方形式转变，以稳定光活性α-FAPbI 3相。图1（B）示出了具有不同Cs+含量的MA/FA钙钛矿的XRD图案[10]。不含Cs+的样品（黑色曲线）在11.61和12.71处显示小峰，分别对应于光惰性δ-FAPbI 3和PbI 2。当Cs+掺杂时，这些峰消失，表明Cs+在钙钛矿中可以抑制黄相的形成。此外，Cs+可以增强钙钛矿材料和器件的热稳定性和湿度稳定性[11− 13]。Cs+含量对热稳定性的影响如图1（c）所示。这项工作表明，钙钛矿降解与空气中的氧气有关。Cs+掺杂（摩尔比x= 0.09）可以阻碍钙钛矿和氧之间的相互作用。
The past decade has witnessed the rapid advance in organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Owing to unique optoelectronic properties of perovskites, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs has jumped from 3.8% to 25.5%[1–4]. However, under the stimulus of illumination, moisture, oxygen and heat, perovskites exhibit unsatisfactory stability due to weak bonding among the components in these soft-lattice crystals [5–7]. Doping and passivation engineering with alkali metal cations can enhance the intrinsic stability of perovskite materials. Here, the recent progress of alkali metal cations engineering is reviewed, and the impact on the crystallization, lattice structure, photovoltaic performance and stability is discussed.The doping of alkali metal cations has been explored recently [8, 9]. Cs+ and Rb+ can occupy A-site in perovskite lattice (Fig. 1 (a)). The smaller Cs+(1.69 Å) in MA/FA perovskites reduces the tolerance factor, shifting crystal structure towards a cubic form to stabilize photoactive α-FAPbI3 phase. Fig. 1 (b) shows XRD patterns of MA/FA perovskites with different Cs+ content [10]. The sample without Cs+(black curve) showed small peaks at 11.61 and 12.71, corresponding to photo-inactive δ-FAPbI3 and PbI2, respectively. When doping Cs+, these peaks vanished, indicating that Cs+ in perovskites could inhibit the formation of yellow phase. In addition, Cs+ can enhance the thermal and humidity stability of perovskite materials and devices [11− 13]. The effect of Cs+ content on thermal stability is shown in Fig. 1 (c). This work indicated that perovskite degradation was associated with oxygen in air. Cs+ doping (molar ratio x= 0.09) can hinder the interaction between perovskite and oxygen.