Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors (FGFRs) and Noncanonical Partners in Cancer Signaling.

Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors (FGFRs) and Noncanonical Partners in Cancer Signaling.
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DOI:
10.3390/cells10051201
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发表时间:
2021-05-14
期刊:
影响因子:
6
通讯作者:
Francavilla C
Francavilla C
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ferguson HR;Smith MP;Francavilla C

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越来越多的证据表明,靶向治疗在癌症治疗中的成功依赖于上下文,并受到肿瘤中信号通路和细胞类型之间复杂的串扰的影响。成纤维细胞生长因子(成纤维细胞生长因子)/成纤维细胞生长因子受体(FGFR)信号轴强调了这种上下文相关的信号在癌症中的重要性。FGFR信号异常在几乎所有癌症类型中都有特征,最常见的是非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)、乳腺癌、胶质母细胞瘤、前列腺癌和胃肠癌。这主要是通过FGFR1和FGFR2的扩增和过度表达导致配体无关的激活而发生的。在癌症中也发现了FGFR1-4的突变和易位。规范的FGF-FGFR信号受配体-受体组合以及与FGFR辅受体硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白多糖(HSPGs)和Klotho的直接相互作用的密切调控。非规范的FGFR信号伙伴参与了FGFR信号的不同调控。FGFR直接与细胞黏附分子(CAM)和细胞外基质(ECM)蛋白相互作用,促进癌细胞的侵袭和迁移,而与其他受体酪氨酸激酶(RTK)的相互作用调节肿瘤细胞的血管生成、治疗抵抗和转移潜能。FGFR信号伙伴的多样性支持FGFR信号在癌症中的作用,而不受遗传变异的影响。
Increasing evidence indicates that success of targeted therapies in the treatment of cancer is context-dependent and is influenced by a complex crosstalk between signaling pathways and between cell types in the tumor. The Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF)/FGF receptor (FGFR) signaling axis highlights the importance of such context-dependent signaling in cancer. Aberrant FGFR signaling has been characterized in almost all cancer types, most commonly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer, glioblastoma, prostate cancer and gastrointestinal cancer. This occurs primarily through amplification and over-expression of FGFR1 and FGFR2 resulting in ligand-independent activation. Mutations and translocations of FGFR1-4 are also identified in cancer. Canonical FGF-FGFR signaling is tightly regulated by ligand-receptor combinations as well as direct interactions with the FGFR coreceptors heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) and Klotho. Noncanonical FGFR signaling partners have been implicated in differential regulation of FGFR signaling. FGFR directly interacts with cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, contributing to invasive and migratory properties of cancer cells, whereas interactions with other receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) regulate angiogenic, resistance to therapy, and metastatic potential of cancer cells. The diversity in FGFR signaling partners supports a role for FGFR signaling in cancer, independent of genetic aberration.
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