Soft song in song sparrows: response of males and females to an enigmatic signal
Soft song in song sparrows: response of males and females to an enigmatic signal
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DOI：
10.1007/s00265-007-0357-7
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发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Searcy, William A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson, Rindy C.;Nowicki, Stephen;Searcy, William A.
低振幅的“软歌”是由各种鸣禽使用;在一些物种在侵略性的遭遇，在其他人在求偶，还有一些在这两种情况下。在歌麻雀（Melospiza melodia）中，迄今为止只在攻击性遭遇中观察到柔和的歌声，它的产生是比任何其他信号行为更可靠的攻击预测因子。我们使用歌曲播放测试的反应，男性和女性的歌麻雀软歌。播放实验的设计考虑到了两类软歌的存在：结晶软歌，其中包括的歌曲类型也发现在广播曲目，和颤音软歌，其中包括结构较少的歌曲类型没有发现在广播曲目。雌歌麻雀响应显着减少求偶显示的播放结晶软歌比正常广播歌曲，和响应颤音软歌，如果有任何低于结晶软歌。雄性歌雀同样积极地回应正常广播歌曲的结晶软歌，同样积极地颤音软歌结晶软歌。雌性的研究结果支持了这一结论，即两种形式的柔和歌声都不起求爱作用。男性的结果表明，软歌作为一个信号的侵略性意图的可靠性是不保持接收器报复规则。
Low-amplitude "soft song" is used by a variety of songbirds; in some species during aggressive encounters, in others during courtship, and yet others in both these contexts. In song sparrows (Melospiza melodia), soft song has thus far been observed only in aggressive encounters, where its production is a more reliable predictor of attack than any other signaling behavior. We used song playback to test the response of both male and female song sparrows to soft song. The design of the playback experiments took into account the existence of two classes of soft song: crystallized soft song, which consists of song types also found in the broadcast repertoire, and warbled soft song, which consists of less-structured song types not found in the broadcast repertoire. Female song sparrows responded with significantly less courtship display to the playback of crystallized soft song than to that of normal broadcast song, and response to warbled soft song was if anything lower than to that of crystallized soft song. Male song sparrows responded equally aggressively to normal broadcast song as to crystallized soft song, and equally aggressively to warbled soft song as to crystallized soft song. The female results support the conclusion that neither form of soft song functions in courtship. The male results suggest that the reliability of soft song as a signal of aggressive intent is not maintained by a receiver retaliation rule.