Behavior - Landscape Interactions May Create Super-Spreader Environments: Vigilance-Olfactory Interactions Across Land Type and Disease Transmission Potential in the Banded Mongoose
Behavior - Landscape Interactions May Create Super-Spreader Environments: Vigilance-Olfactory Interactions Across Land Type and Disease Transmission Potential in the Banded Mongoose
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行为 - 景观相互作用可能会创造超级传播环境：跨土地类型的警惕-嗅觉相互作用和带状猫鼬的疾病传播潜力
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
C. A. Nichols
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kathleen A. Alexander;C. A. Nichols
一套复杂的驱动因素可以影响传染病的传播，行为和景观空间动态对宿主-病原体-环境系统的流行模式有重要贡献。然而，我们对景观和宿主行为之间的相互作用及其对病原体传播空间变异性的影响的理解是有限的。在博茨瓦纳北方的斑带猫鼬（Mungosmungo）中，出现了一种新的结核病病原菌--孟氏分枝杆菌（Mycobacteriummungi），它通过嗅觉交流行为传播。我们评估了景观类型和猫鼬行为之间的关联如何影响嗅觉交流行为的频率和病原体传播潜力。我们在巢穴地点使用遥感相机陷阱，以消除观察者对人类改造和自然景观的影响（n = 18部队，从7,497张照片中检测到18,229只带状猫鼬）。使用广义线性混合模型，我们确定了一个显着的效果，警惕和警惕和景观之间的相互作用，警惕和部队计数的嗅觉行为的频率。部队计数警戒互动有负面影响的嗅觉交流。警惕，然而，似乎有一个双向协会与嗅觉通信取决于土地类型。在小屋地区，警惕性与嗅觉行为的增加有关，但在预期捕食风险增加的景观中（即，国家公园和城市土地使用区），警觉性与嗅觉行为呈负相关。行为和景观类型之间的相互作用可能会产生“超级传播”环境，或传播热点，其中行为-景观相互作用增加病原体脱落和传播潜力。
A complex suite of drivers can influence infectious disease transmission with behavior and landscape spatial dynamics contributing importantly to epidemic patterns across host–pathogen-environmental systems. However, our understanding of the interaction between landscape and host behavior and its influence on spatial variability in pathogen transmission is limited. In the banded mongoose (Mungos mungo), a novel tuberculosis pathogen, Mycobacterium mungi, has emerged in Northern Botswana, which is transmitted through olfactory communication behaviors. We evaluated how associations between landscape type and mongoose behaviors affect the frequency of olfactory communication behaviors and pathogen transmission potential. We used remote sensing camera traps at den sites to eliminate observer influence across human-modified and natural landscapes (n = 18 troops, 18,229 detections of banded mongooses from 7,497 photographs). Using generalized linear mixed models, we identified a significant effect of vigilance and the interactions between vigilance and landscape, and vigilance and troop count on the frequency of olfactory behaviors. Troop count-vigilance interactions had a negative influence on olfactory communication. Vigilance, however, appeared to have a bidirectional association with olfactory communication depending on land type. In lodge areas, vigilance was associated with increased olfactory behaviors, but in landscapes with expected increases in predation risk (i.e., national park and urban land-use areas), vigilance had a negative association with olfactory behaviors. The interaction between behavior and landscape type may have the potential to create “super-spreading” environments, or transmission hotspots, where behavior-landscape interactions increase pathogen shedding and transmission potential.