Size and contrast have only small effects on the responses to faces of neurons in the cortex of the superior temporal sulcus of the monkey
Size and contrast have only small effects on the responses to faces of neurons in the cortex of the superior temporal sulcus of the monkey
复制标题
大小和对比度对猴子颞上沟皮层神经元面部的反应只有很小的影响
DOI：
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复制
发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Gordon C. Baylis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Rolls;Gordon C. Baylis
摘要在猴的颞上沟(STS)中部和前部的皮质中，有一群神经元具有对面孔的选择性反应。为了研究这些神经元的反应是否表现出面部识别的一些知觉特性，如对面部大小和对比度变化的耐受性，我们在猕猴身上定量分析了改变有效面部刺激的大小和对比度对这些神经元反应的影响。首先，研究表明，这些神经元中的大多数具有相对于刺激大小相对不变的反应。反应大于最大反应的一半的中位数大小变化是最大反应的12倍。其次，研究发现，对于这些神经元中的一小部分，脸部的大小确实会影响神经元的反应。对于这些神经元中的大多数，研究发现，当图像的大小和距离改变时，神经元的反应与图像所覆盖的视网膜角度有关。但对于四个神经元，图像的绝对大小决定了神经元反应的大小，与图像的距离无关。因此，这四个神经元表现出大小恒定。有人建议，这些神经元作为人脸识别系统的一部分将是有用的，因为通常只有处于特定绝对大小范围内的对象才应被归类为人脸。第三，神经元的反应相对于面部的对比度是相对不变的。神经元与最大反应的一半以上反应的平均对比度为0.26。第四，神经元对面孔对比度符号的反应是相对不变的，即神经元对正面和负面面孔图像的反应都是相同的。第五，当面孔中的信息从3D减少到显示器上的灰色2D表示时，神经元通常会对面孔做出反应，平均反应是对真实面孔的0.5。这些结果表明，这些神经元的反应具有与人脸知觉所显示的大小和对比度变化有关的一些不变特性，表明它们的处理处于有助于人脸识别的水平。结果还表明，这些神经元的反应不是简单的对局部轮廓信息的反应。
SummaryThere is a population of neurons in the cortex in the middle and anterior part of the superior temporal sulcus (STS) of the monkey with responses which are selective for faces. To investigate whether the responses of these neurons show some of the perceptual properties of face recognition such as tolerance to changes in the size and contrast of the face, the effects of alteration of the size and contrast of an effective face stimulus on the responses of these neurons were analysed quantitatively in macaque monkeys. First, it was shown that the majority of these neurons had responses which were relatively invariant with respect to the size of the stimulus. The median size change tolerated with a response of greater than half the maximal response was 12 times. Second, it was found that for a few of these neurons, the size of the face did affect the neuronal response. For most of these neurons, it was found that when the size of the image and its distance were altered, the neuronal response was related to the retinal angle subtended by the image. But for four neurons the absolute size of the image determined the magnitude of the neuronal response, independently of the distance of the image. Thus these four neurons showed size constancy. It is suggested that these neurons would be useful as part of a face recognition system, because only objects in a certain absolute size range should normally be classified as faces. Third, the responses of the neurons were relatively invariant with respect to the contrast of the face. The mean contrast at which the neurons still responded with more than half the maximal response was 0.26. Fourth, the responses of the neurons were relatively invariant with respect to the sign of the contrast of the face, that is the neurons responded to negative as well as to positive images of faces. Fifth, the neurons typically responded to a face when the information in it had been reduced from 3D to a 2D representation in gray on a monitor, with a response which was on average 0.5 that to a real face. These results show that the responses of these neurons have some of the invariant properties with respect to size and contrast alteration shown by face perception, and show that their processing is at a level which would be useful in face recognition. The results also show that the responses of these neurons are not simply to local contour information.
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
BRUCE, C;DESIMONE, R;GROSS, CG
通讯作者：
GROSS, CG