Multi-ethnic perspective of uptake of HIV testing and HIV-related stigma: A cross-sectional population-based study
Multi-ethnic perspective of uptake of HIV testing and HIV-related stigma: A cross-sectional population-based study
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DOI：
10.1080/09540121.2013.766302
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发表时间：
2013-11-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Wong, Li Ping
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wong, Li Ping
本研究的目的是确定人口特征和相关的艾滋病毒检测，愿意接受检测和感知艾滋病毒相关的耻辱马来西亚外行公众的摄取。在2011年12月至7月期间，对18岁及以上多种族马来西亚人的代表性样本进行了横断面计算机辅助电话访谈调查。调查收集了有关人口统计、艾滋病毒传播知识和宗教信仰对艾滋病毒/艾滋病态度的资料。成功访问了2271个住户。有效率为48.65%。HIV传播知识得分范围为0 - 15（平均值=10.56; SD +/- 2.42）。关于艾滋病毒传播的三个最常见的误解是蚊子叮咬（42.8%），在厨师是艾滋病毒阳性的餐馆吃饭（20.4%）和使用公共厕所（20.1%）。只有20.6%的人报告曾经接受过艾滋病毒检测，49.1%的人报告愿意接受艾滋病毒检测，30.3%的人不打算接受艾滋病毒检测。低风险观念（63.7%）是艾滋病毒检测的主要障碍。马来人和中国人（相对于印度人）是低风险感知的最强预测因素。低风险感知的其他重要预测因素是男性，已婚和生活在城市地区。如果检测出HIV阳性，则认为自己会感到耻辱（78.8%）。多变量研究结果表明，女性、马来人、低收入、居住在农村地区和公众耻辱与自我耻辱有显着相关性。这些调查结果证明有必要采取干预措施，以减少不成比例的艾滋病毒传播误解、艾滋病毒检测障碍以及涉及社会文化、经济和人口特征考虑的污名化和歧视性态度。
The objective of this study was to identify demographic characteristics and correlates of the uptake of HIV testing, willingness to be tested and perceived HIV-related stigma of Malaysian lay public. A cross-sectional computer-assisted telephone interview survey of a representative sample of multiracial Malaysians aged 18 years and above was conducted between December and July 2011. The survey collected information on demographics, knowledge about HIV transmission and religious beliefs on attitudes to HIV/AIDS. A total of 2271 households were successfully interviewed. The response rate was 48.65%. The HIV transmission knowledge score ranged from 0 to 15 (mean =10.56; SD +/- 2.42). Three of the most common misconceptions about HIV transmission were mosquito bite (42.8%), eating in a restaurant where the cook is HIV positive (20.4%) and using a public toilet (20.1%). Only 20.6% reported ever having been tested for HIV, 49.1% reported a willingness to be tested for HIV and 30.3% had no intention of getting an HIV test. Low-risk perception (63.7%) constitutes a major barrier to HIV testing. Being Malay and Chinese (relative to Indian) were the strongest predictors of low-risk perception. Other significant predictors of low-risk perception were being male, being married and living in an urban locality. Perceived self-stigma if tested positive for HIV was prevalent (78.8%). Multivariate findings showed that being female, Malay, low income, living in rural localities and public stigma were significant correlates of self-stigma. These findings warrant interventions to reduce the disproportionate HIV transmission misconception, barriers to HIV testing and stigma and discriminative attitudes to involve considerations of sociocultural economic and demographic characteristics.