The Effects of Nonfocused External Ultrasound on Tissue Temperature and Adipocyte Morphology
The Effects of Nonfocused External Ultrasound on Tissue Temperature and Adipocyte Morphology
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DOI：
10.1177/1090820x12469627
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Schafer, Mark
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garcia, Onelio, Jr.;Schafer, Mark
背景：非聚焦外部应用超声能量已广泛用于临床环境中，用于非侵入性身体轮廓，前提是超声透热疗法可能对脂肪组织有减少作用。目的：作者记录了动物模型中非聚焦和弱聚焦超声治疗后的时间/温度关系和细胞变化。方法：在临床推荐的设置下，对 3 只约克夏猪进行非聚焦超声治疗，每次间隔 12 分钟。记录组织温度。治疗前从对照侧采集淋巴液样本，治疗后从治疗侧采集淋巴液样本。对对照侧（治疗前）和超声治疗侧（治疗后）的皮肤、脂肪组织、肌肉和淋巴结进行活组织检查，进行组织学检查。结果：淋巴液分析显示，与对照相比，治疗侧的甘油三酯值显着升高。淋巴结活检分析显示，与正常对照相比，治疗侧淋巴结组织内存在游离脂肪空泡。原位温度测量表明该装置在整个脂肪组织层产生均匀的加热。经处理的脂肪组织的电镜显示细胞结构发生变化，但没有坏死，细胞外间隙内有游离脂质。结论：根据治疗后淋巴系统中游离脂质的增加、治疗侧淋巴结内游离脂质的增加以及细胞外间隙中游离脂质没有细胞坏死的情况，我们得出结论，用该装置治疗通过改变脂肪细胞的通透性来减少脂肪组织。
Background: Nonfocused externally applied ultrasound energy has been used extensively in the clinical setting for noninvasive body contouring on the premise that ultrasonic diathermy may have a reducing effect on adipose tissue.Objectives: The authors document both the time/temperature relationships and cellular changes following nonfocused and weakly focused ultrasound treatments in an animal model.Methods: Nonfocused ultrasound treatments were administered to 3 Yorkshire pigs, at clinically recommended settings, for two 12-minute intervals. Tissue temperatures were recorded. Lymph fluid samples were taken pretreatment from the control side and posttreatment from the treated side. Biopsies were taken of the skin, adipose tissue, muscle, and lymph nodes on both the control side (pretreatment) and the ultrasound-treated side (posttreatment) for histological examination.Results: Lymph fluid analysis revealed highly elevated triglyceride values on the treated side versus the control. Analysis of lymph node biopsies revealed free vacuoles of fat within the lymph node tissue on the treated side compared with normal controls. In situ temperature measurements indicated that the device produced uniform heating throughout the adipose tissue layer. Electron microscopy of the treated adipose tissue revealed alterations in the cellular architecture without necrosis and free lipids within the extracellular space.Conclusions: On the basis of the increase of free lipids in the lymph system posttreatment, the increase in free lipids within the lymph nodes on the treated side, and the free lipids in the extracellular space without cell necrosis, we conclude that treatment with this device reduces adipose tissue by altering the permeability of the adipocytes.