Gene expression of PLAT and ATS3 proteins increases plant resistance to insects
Gene expression of PLAT and ATS3 proteins increases plant resistance to insects
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DOI：
10.1007/s00425-020-03530-y
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发表时间：
2021-01-19
期刊：
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Kitajima, Sakihito
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Savadogo, Eric Hyrmeya;Shiomi, Yui;Kitajima, Sakihito
主要结论PLAT蛋白家族的基因，包括高等植物的PLAT和ATS 3亚家族以及苔类植物的同源基因，参与植物对昆虫的防御，植物中的叶绿体细胞含有大量的抗微生物或抗昆虫蛋白，参与植物对生物胁迫的防御。我们以前发现，PLAT蛋白积累在无花果树（无花果）的乳管中的几丁质酶的水平相当，和ATS 3，另一个PLAT结构域的蛋白质，转录水平是最高的转录组中的乳管大戟。在这项研究中，我们调查是否PLAT结构域的蛋白质参与防御昆虫。用表达F. carica PLAT或E. tirucalli ATS 3基因，通过使用表达载体pBYR 2 HS的农杆菌渗入法导入。这些叶片的转录组分析表明，乙烯和茉莉酸信号被激活，导致PR-1，β-1，3-葡聚糖酶，PR 5和胰蛋白酶抑制剂的基因表达增加，这表明PLAT和ATS 3诱导的抗性在宿主植物中的间接机制。PLAT和ATS 3对昆虫的直接细胞毒性也是可能的，因为在黑腹果蝇中异源表达相应的基因导致了这种昆虫的细胞凋亡介导的细胞死亡。幼虫生长迟缓。斜纹夜蛾发生时，他们喂养萝卜芽，农杆菌渗透的良好宿主，表达双子叶植物拟南芥，单子叶植物二穗短柄草，针叶云杉和地钱的9个同源基因中的任何一个。在这9个基因中，A.拟南芥AT 5G 62200和AT 5G 62210引起幼虫死亡的显著增加。这些结果表明PLAT蛋白家族在植物界中具有很大程度上保守的抗昆虫活性（249字）。
Main conclusion Genes of the PLAT protein family, including PLAT and ATS3 subfamilies of higher plants and homologs of liverwort, are involved in plant defense against insects.Laticifer cells in plants contain large amounts of anti-microbe or anti-insect proteins and are involved in plant defense against biotic stresses. We previously found that PLAT proteins accumulate in laticifers of fig tree (Ficus carica) at comparable levels to those of chitinases, and the transcript level of ATS3, another PLAT domain-containing protein, is highest in the transcriptome of laticifers of Euphorbia tirucalli. In this study, we investigated whether the PLAT domain-containing proteins are involved in defense against insects. Larvae of the lepidopteran Spodoptera litura showed retarded growth when fed with Nicotiana benthamiana leaves expressing F. carica PLAT or E. tirucalli ATS3 genes, introduced by agroinfiltration using expression vector pBYR2HS. Transcriptome analysis of these leaves indicated that ethylene and jasmonate signaling were activated, leading to increased expression of genes for PR-1, beta-1,3-glucanase, PR5 and trypsin inhibitors, suggesting an indirect mechanism of PLAT- and ATS3-induced resistance in the host plant. Direct cytotoxicity of PLAT and ATS3 to insects was also possible because heterologous expression of the corresponding genes in Drosophila melanogaster caused apoptosis-mediated cell death in this insect. Larval growth retardation of S. litura occurred when they were fed radish sprouts, a good host for agroinfiltration, expressing any of nine homologous genes of dicotyledon Arabidopsis thaliana, monocotyledon Brachypodium distachyon, conifer Picea sitchensis and liverwort Marchantia polymorpha. Of these nine genes, the heterologous expression of A. thaliana AT5G62200 and AT5G62210 caused significant increases in larval death. These results indicated that the PLAT protein family has largely conserved anti-insect activity in the plant kingdom (249 words).