Personality in its natural habitat: Manifestations and implicit folk theories of personality in daily life
Personality in its natural habitat: Manifestations and implicit folk theories of personality in daily life
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.90.5.862
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发表时间：
2006-05-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Pennebaker, James W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mehl, Matthias R.;Gosling, Samuel D.;Pennebaker, James W.
为了研究个性在自然栖息地中的表达，作者使用电子激活录音机（Electronically Activated Recorder，EAR）跟踪了96名参与者超过2天，该录音机在参与者的直接环境中采样了环境声音的片段。参与者的“大五”得分与耳听神经系统获得的关于他们日常社交互动、地点、活动、情绪和语言使用的信息相关;这些情感表现通常与特质定义一致，并且（除了开放性）通常具有性别特异性。为了识别关于个性日常表现的内隐民俗理论，作者将耳源性信息与参与者基于其发音的印象相关联;法官的内隐民俗理论通常是准确的（特别是外向性），并且部分具有性别特异性。这些发现指出了自然主义观察研究的重要性，即个性如何在日常行为的自然流中表达和感知。
To examine the expression of personality in its natural habitat, the authors tracked 96 participants over 2 days using the Electronically Activated Recorder (EAR), which samples snippets of ambient sounds in participants' immediate environments. Participants' Big Five scores were correlated with EAR-derived information on their daily social interactions, locations, activities, moods, and language use; these quotidian manifestations were generally consistent with the trait definitions and (except for Openness) often gender specific. To identify implicit folk theories about daily manifestations of personality, the authors correlated the EAR-derived information with impressions of participants based on their EAR sounds; judges' implicit folk theories were generally accurate (especially for Extraversion) and also partially gender specific. The findings point to the importance of naturalistic observation studies on how personality is expressed and perceived in the natural stream of everyday behavior.