Brain-computer interface using a simplified functional near-infrared spectroscopy system
Brain-computer interface using a simplified functional near-infrared spectroscopy system
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DOI：
10.1088/1741-2560/4/3/007
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Markham, Charles M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coyle, Shirley M.;Ward, Tomas E.;Markham, Charles M.
脑机接口（BCI）是一种允许用户仅通过思维过程与外部设备进行通信的设备。近红外光谱（NIRS）是脑机接口的一种新型信号采集工具，它是一种测量局部大脑皮层活动的光学技术。使用这种非侵入性方式的好处是安全、便携和可访问性。许多商用多通道近红外光谱系统可用；然而，我们已经开发了一个简单的定制系统来研究fNIRS-BCI系统的功能。这项工作描述了设备的结构，操作原理和fNIRS-BCI应用程序的实现，“Mindswitch”利用运动图像进行控制。在线进行分析，并向用户提供性能反馈。Mindswitch为用户提供了一个基本的“开/关”切换选项，其中选择任何一种状态都需要1分钟。初步结果表明，近红外光谱可以支持简单的脑机接口功能，显示出很大的潜力。虽然性能目前可能不如许多脑电图系统，但有很大的发展空间，特别是更复杂的信号处理和分类技术。我们希望通过将近红外光谱作为一种可获得和负担得起的选择，为脑机接口研究界开辟一条新的探索途径，并促进对近红外光谱-脑机接口的进一步研究。
A brain-computer interface (BCI) is a device that allows a user to communicate with external devices through thought processes alone. A novel signal acquisition tool for BCIs is near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), an optical technique to measure localized cortical brain activity. The benefits of using this non-invasive modality are safety, portability and accessibility. A number of commercial multi-channel NIRS system are available; however we have developed a straightforward custom-built system to investigate the functionality of a fNIRS-BCI system. This work describes the construction of the device, the principles of operation and the implementation of a fNIRS-BCI application, 'Mindswitch' that harnesses motor imagery for control. Analysis is performed online and feedback of performance is presented to the user. Mindswitch presents a basic 'on/off' switching option to the user, where selection of either state takes 1 min. Initial results show that NIRS can support simple BCI functionality and shows much potential. Although performance may be currently inferior to many EEG systems, there is much scope for development particularly with more sophisticated signal processing and classification techniques. We hope that by presenting fNIRS as an accessible and affordable option, a new avenue of exploration will open within the BCI research community and stimulate further research in fNIRS-BCIs.