Climate Change and Conflict
Climate Change and Conflict
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DOI：
10.1057/978-1-137-43020-5_29
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Dagomar Degroot
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dagomar Degroot
不同学科的学者使用不同的方法和来源，将过去的气候变异和变化与不同社会内部和之间的冲突原因联系起来。由历史学家带头的定性方法集中在大约六个世纪的小冰期（LIA）期间气候收成失败，社会不稳定和暴力之间的联系。相比之下，地理学家开创的定量方法发现，不仅在LIA，而且在人类全球变暖的现代时代，温度或降水趋势，收成失败和战争之间存在相关性。最近，一些学者发现了气候变化与冲突行为之间的关系，特别是在以长期、无休止的战争为特征的前现代世纪;少数人甚至假设冲突与气候变化的起源之间存在联系。最重要的是，将气候变化与冲突联系起来的新兴学术研究强烈表明，社会内部和社会之间的暴力既增加了社会对气候变化的脆弱性，也加剧了气候变化对人类的影响。
Scholars in a range of academic disciplines have used distinct methods and sources to connect past climate variability and change to the causes of conflict within, and between, diverse societies. Qualitative approaches spearheaded by historians have concentrated on connections between climat harvest failures, societal instability, and violence during the roughly six centuries of the Little Ice Age (LIA). Quantitative approaches pioneered by geographers, by contrast, have found correlations between temperature or precipitation trends, harvest failures, and wars not only in the LIA but also in the modern era of anthropogenic global warming. Recently, some scholars have found relationships between climate change and the conduct of conflict, particularly in pre-modern centuries distinguished by long, open-ended wars; a few have even hypothesized links between conflict and the origins of climate change. Above all, the burgeoning scholarship that connects climate change to conflict has strongly suggested that violence within and between societies both increases societal vulnerability to climate change and exacerbates the human impacts of climate change.