Neural specificity predicts fluid processing ability in older adults.
Neural specificity predicts fluid processing ability in older adults.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.0853-10.2010
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发表时间：
2010-07-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Polk TA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Park J;Carp J;Hebrank A;Park DC;Polk TA
我们研究了神经特异性（不同神经表征的独特性）的个体差异是否可以解释老年人认知表现的个体差异。神经特异性是根据多变量模式分析识别与特定实验条件相关的神经激活模式的准确程度来估计的。根据两类视觉刺激（面孔和房屋）上的相同不同任务计算出的神经特异性显着预测了老年人在一系列流体处理行为任务（点比较、数字符号、轨迹A、轨迹B、语言流畅性）上的表现，但它与结晶知识（希普利词汇）的测量无关。此外，神经特异性测量占流体处理能力综合测量方差的百分之三十。这些结果与神经特异性的丧失或去分化导致老年体液处理能力下降的假设是一致的。
We investigated whether individual differences in neural specificity—the distinctiveness of different neural representations—could explain individual differences in cognitive performance in older adults. Neural specificity was estimated based on how accurately multivariate pattern analysis identified neural activation patterns associated with specific experimental conditions. Neural specificity calculated from a same-different task on two categories of visual stimuli (faces and houses) significantly predicted performance on a range of fluid processing behavioral tasks (dot-comparison, digit-symbol, Trails-A, Trails-B, verbal-fluency) in older adults, whereas it did not correlate with a measure of crystallized knowledge (Shipley-vocabulary). In addition, the neural specificity measure accounted for thirty percent of the variance in a composite measure of fluid processing ability. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that loss of neural specificity, or dedifferentiation, contributes to reduced fluid processing ability in old age.