GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF LARVAE OF MERCENARIA-MERCENARIA (L) AND CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA (GMELIN) RELATIVE TO BROODSTOCK CONDITIONING AND LIPID-CONTENT OF EGGS
GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF LARVAE OF MERCENARIA-MERCENARIA (L) AND CRASSOSTREA-VIRGINICA (GMELIN) RELATIVE TO BROODSTOCK CONDITIONING AND LIPID-CONTENT OF EGGS
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DOI：
10.1016/0044-8486(86)90021-9
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发表时间：
1986-09-15
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
MANN, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GALLAGER, SM;MANN, R
在实验室和商业孵化场条件下，在一年中的不同时间对金银花和金银花进行了人工调节。每隔一周尝试产卵一次，用分析方法和油红o染色后的目视检查收集鸡蛋初始总蛋脂含量的数据，用蛋脂含量收集鸡蛋直径和密度的物理参数（用密度梯度离心法估计）。卵初脂含量与直叶期（24 h）和小叶期成活率均呈极显著相关（P < 0.01）；然而，卵脂含量与随后的幼虫生长速率无关。这两种双壳类在直铰期（即> - 75%）的高存活率的特点是，在胚胎期（即受精到prodissoch I壳形成）分解代谢至少约4.5 ng总脂质。卵中脂肪含量至少为无灰分干重（AFDW）的12%，预示着良好的幼体成活率（约为1%）；然而，相对较高的脂质水平并不能保证良好的幼虫存活率。不同种属的卵密度分布明显；处女花的卵单峰带状在1.075克。卵为1.038、1.059和1.073 g .cntdot。cm-3。卵脂与卵直径呈对数相关。这些数据表明，在非摄食胚胎阶段，卵细胞中存在一个与大小相关的最低阈值脂质水平，以达到最佳存活率；但是，除了鸡蛋的脂质含量外，环境或遗传因素在这一时期的死亡率中占相当大的比例。不同的调教方案会引起蛋脂水平的大幅波动，这表明如果想要获得最佳的培养潜力，就必须严格注意调教。在实验室和孵化场环境中，用油红O染色可以看到鸡蛋脂质水平的微小变化（即4-8% AFDW）。利用脂质染色技术在产卵时评估卵子的生存潜力，可以为研究和商业孵化场应用提供有价值的实时信息。
Artificial conditioning of broodstocks of M. mercenaria L. and C. virginica (Gmelin) was initiated at various times throughout the year under both laboratory and commercial hatchery conditions. Attempts were made to spawn broodstocks at weekly intervals, and data were collected on the initial total egg lipid content of eggs by analytical procedures and by visual inspection after staining with Oil Red O. The physical parameters of egg diameter and density (estimated by density gradient centrifugation) were collected wth egg lipid content. Significant correlations were evident between the initial egg lipid content and survival to both straight hinge (24 h) and pediveliger stages (P < 0.01); however, egg lipid content did not correlate with subsequent larval growth rate. A characteristic of high survival to the straight hinge stage (i.e., > 75%) was catabolism of a minimum of about 4.5 ng total lipid during the embryonic stages (i.e., fertilization through to prodissoconch I shell formation) in both bivalve species. Good survival to the pediveliger stage (i.e., > 1%) was always predicated by eggs containing a minimum of 12% lipid of the ash-free dry weight (AFDW); however, relatively high lipid levels did not guarantee good larval survival. Species-specific egg density profiles were clearly evident; eggs of C. virginica banded unimodally at 1.075 g .cntdot. cm-3 while eggs of M. mercenaria banded trimodally at 1.038, 1.059 and 1.073 g .cntdot. cm-3. Egg lipid was logarithmically related to egg diameter. The data suggest that there is a minimum, size-related, threshold lipid level in eggs necessary for optimal survival through the non-feeding embryonic stages; but environmental or genetic factors other than egg lipid content are responsible for a considerable fraction of the mortality during this period. Variations in the broodstock conditioning protocol induced large fluctuations in egg lipid levels, suggesting that strict attention should be paid to conditioning if optimal culture potentials is desired. Minor variations in egg lipid levels (i.e., 4-8% AFDW) were visually discernible by staining with Oil Red O in both laboratory and hatchery environments. Evaluating eggs at the time of spawning for their potential for survival using the lipid-staining technique can provide valuable real-time information for both research and commercial hatchery applications.