VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL VARIATIONS IN THE PHYSIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY OF THE AEROBIC CHEMOHETEROTROPHIC BACTERIAL MICROFLORA IN DEEP SOUTHEAST COASTAL-PLAIN SUBSURFACE SEDIMENTS
VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL VARIATIONS IN THE PHYSIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY OF THE AEROBIC CHEMOHETEROTROPHIC BACTERIAL MICROFLORA IN DEEP SOUTHEAST COASTAL-PLAIN SUBSURFACE SEDIMENTS
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.55.5.1058-1065.1989
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发表时间：
1989-05-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
THOMAS, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BALKWILL, DL;FREDRICKSON, JK;THOMAS, JM
在美国南卡罗来纳州艾肯附近的一个研究地点，通过在浓缩和稀释培养基上电镀，从表层土壤和沿海平原地下（包括深层含水层）沉积物（深度至265 m）中分离出好氧化异养细菌。纯化了形态不同的菌落，并测定了它们对21种选定生理试验的反应。这些分离物种类繁多；在获得的1 112株分离株中，检测到626种生理上不同的类型（即对21种试验具有独特反应模式的类型）。在浓缩和稀释培养基上分离出生理上不同的类型（组间只有11%的重叠）；表层土壤和地下沉积物的分离物也有很大差异（只有3%的重叠）。表层土壤分离物更容易利用12个碳源中的1个以外的所有碳源，并且水解磷脂和谷粒的比例显著高于表层土壤分离物。只有4%的地下细菌分离发酵葡萄糖，尽管其中82%的细菌可以有氧利用发酵葡萄糖。l -苹果酸盐和d -葡萄糖酸盐被至少75%的亚表面分离株利用，其他7种碳源被至少40%的亚表面分离株利用。来自不同地质构造（深度）的地表分离物，以及在较小程度上来自不同钻孔的同一地质构造的分离物，它们对某些生理测试的群体反应明显不同。此外，来自不同深度和钻孔的沉积物含有不同生理类型的细菌。因此，在沿海平原的地下沉积物中观察到相当多的细菌多样性，即使在确定的地质构造中也是如此。
Aerobic chemoheterotrophic bacteria were isolated from surface soils and coastal plain subsurface (including deep aquifer) sediments (depths to 265 m) at a study site near Aiken, S.C., by plating on concentrated and dilute media. Morphologically distinct colonies were purified, and their responses to 21 selected physiological tests were determined. These isolates were quite diverse; 626 physiologically distinct types (i.e., types with a unique pattern of responses to the 21 tests) were detected among the 1,112 isolates obtained. Physiologically distinct types were isolated on concentrated and dilute media (only 11% overlap between the groups); isolates from surface soils and subsurface sediments were also quite different (only 3% overlap). the surface soil isolates more readily utilized all but 1 of 12 carbon sources offered, and a significantly larger proportion of them hydrolyzed esculin and gletain. Only 4% of the subsurface isolates fermented glucose, even though 82% of them could use it aerobically. L-Malate and D-gluconate were utilized by at least 75% of the subsurface isolates, and seven other carbon sources were used by at least 40% of them. Surbsurface isolates from different geological formations (depths) and, to a lesser extent, from the same geological formation at different boreholes differed distinctly in their group responses to certain physiological tests. Moreover, sediments from different depths and boreholes contained physiologically distinct types of bacteria. Thus, considerable bacterial diversity was observed in coastal plain subsurface sediments, even within defined geological formations.