SURROGATE MEASURES OF ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT IN FATAL CRASHES - ARE CONVENTIONAL INDICATORS ADEQUATE
SURROGATE MEASURES OF ALCOHOL INVOLVEMENT IN FATAL CRASHES - ARE CONVENTIONAL INDICATORS ADEQUATE
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DOI：
10.1016/0022-4375(85)90039-8
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
HINGSON, RW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HEEREN, T;SMITH, RA;HINGSON, RW
与酒精有关的高速公路死亡问题导致大多数州制定了新的立法对策。由于很少有国家一贯收集信息酒精参与致命的碰撞，这些对策的有效性的评估依赖于酒精参与的替代措施。使用美国交通部的致命事故报告系统（法尔斯）的数据，本研究解决了以下问题：（a）使用的几个替代措施中，哪一个最有可能反映酒精参与致命的碰撞？和（B）这些替代指标的趋势是否提供了对与酒精有关的致命车祸的真实趋势的准确评估？作者得出结论，夜间致命车祸是酒精相关车祸的最佳替代指标，但替代指标可能无法准确反映酒精相关致命车祸随时间的趋势，特别是在小州或短时间内。所有司机在致命的碰撞应给予血液酒精水平（BAL）测试，以最准确地评估酒后驾驶对策的影响。
The problem of alcohol-related highway fatalities has led a majority of states to enact new legislative countermeasures. Because few states consistently collect information on alcohol involvement in fatal crashes, the evaluation of the effectiveness of these countermeasures has relied on surrogate measures of alcohol involvement. Using data from the U.S. Department of Transportation''s Fatal Accident Reporting System (FARS), this study addresses the following questions: (a) Which of the several surrogate measures used are most likely to reflect alcohol involvement in fatal crashes? and (b) Do the trends in these surrogate measures provide an accurate appraisal of the true trends in alcohol-involved fatal crashes? The authors conclude that nighttime fatal crashes are the best surrogate measure of alcohol-involved crashes, but that surrogate measures may not accurately mirror trends in alcohol-involved fatal crashes over time, particularly in small states or over short duration. All drivers in fatal crashes should be given blood alcohol level (BAL) test to most accurately assess the effects of drunk driving countermeasures.