Observing Exoplanets with High Dispersion Coronagraphy. I. The Scientific Potential of Current and Next-generation Large Ground and Space Telescopes
Observing Exoplanets with High Dispersion Coronagraphy. I. The Scientific Potential of Current and Next-generation Large Ground and Space Telescopes
复制标题
用高色散日冕仪观测系外行星。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Benneke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ji Wang;D. Mawet;G. Ruane;R. Hu;B. Benneke
由于系外行星与其主恒星之间的角距小且对比度高，对系外行星的直接成像提出了巨大的技术挑战。高色散日冕术（HDC）是对宜居带中的类地行星实现前所未有的灵敏度的途径。在这里，我们提出了一个模拟 HDC 观测和数据分析的框架。这些模拟的目标是对各种仪器配置、目标类型和科学案例的原始星光抑制和光谱分辨率之间的权衡进行详细分析。我们预测了凯克天文台 HDC 仪器的性能，该仪器用于表征近红外波段直接成像的气态巨行星。我们还使用下一代地基 (TMT) 和天基望远镜（HabEx 和 LUVOIR）模拟 HDC 对类地行星的观测。我们的结论是，由于收集区域存在巨大差异，地基 ELT 比未来的天基任务更适合对类地行星进行 HDC 观测。对于地面望远镜，HDC 观测可以在 10−4 星光抑制水平下探测到 M 矮星周围宜居带中的类地行星。与 10−7 行星/恒星对比度相比，HDC 将星光抑制要求放宽了 103 倍。对于天基望远镜，探测器噪声将成为光谱分辨率高于 104 的主要限制。考虑到探测器噪声和散斑色噪声，R = 400 (1600) 是 HabEx (LUVOIR) 的最佳光谱分辨率。对于 HabEx (LUVOIR)，检测具有行星/恒星对比度 = 的行星的相应星光抑制要求放宽了 10 (100) 倍。
Direct imaging of exoplanets presents a formidable technical challenge owing to the small angular separation and high contrast between exoplanets and their host stars. High Dispersion Coronagraphy (HDC) is a pathway to achieve unprecedented sensitivity to Earth-like planets in the habitable zone. Here, we present a framework to simulate HDC observations and data analyses. The goal of these simulations is to perform a detailed analysis of the trade-off between raw star light suppression and spectral resolution for various instrument configurations, target types, and science cases. We predict the performance of an HDC instrument at Keck observatory for characterizing directly imaged gas-giant planets in near-infrared bands. We also simulate HDC observations of an Earth-like planet using next-generation ground-based (TMT) and spaced-base telescopes (HabEx and LUVOIR). We conclude that ground-based ELTs are more suitable for HDC observations of an Earth-like planet than future space-based missions owing to the considerable difference in collecting area. For ground-based telescopes, HDC observations can detect an Earth-like planet in the habitable zone around an M-dwarf star at 10−4 star light suppression level. Compared to the 10−7 planet/star contrast, HDC relaxes the star light suppression requirement by a factor of 103. For space-based telescopes, detector noise will be a major limitation at spectral resolutions higher than 104. Considering detector noise and speckle chromatic noise, R = 400 (1600) is the optimal spectral resolutions for HabEx (LUVOIR). The corresponding star light suppression requirement to detect a planet with planet/star contrast = is relaxed by a factor of 10 (100) for HabEx (LUVOIR).
影响因子：
6.5
作者：
Baraffe, Isabelle;Homeier, Derek;Chabrier, Gilles
通讯作者：
Chabrier, Gilles