Estimating the accuracy of geographical imputation.
Estimating the accuracy of geographical imputation.
复制标题
估计地理插补的准确性。
DOI：
10.1186/1476-072x-7-3
复制
发表时间：
2008-01-23
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Boscoe, Francis P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henry, Kevin A.;Boscoe, Francis P.
为了减少非地理编码案例的数量，研究人员和组织有时会将地理编码为邮政编码质心的案例与具有更高精确度的完整街道地址的案例一起沿着。然后，一些分析师使用邮政编码将信息分配给来自更精细地理位置（如人口普查区域）的案例。通常使用邮政重心或地理估算方法完成分配，该方法通过使用案件的人口特征和邮政派递地区的人口特征来分配位置。迄今为止，尚未完成对地理估算方法（“地理估算”）的系统评价。本研究的目的是确定使用地理插补普查区分配的准确性。使用向新泽西癌症登记处报告的乳腺癌、前列腺癌和结直肠癌病例的大型数据集，我们使用基于人口统计的地理插补的替代策略并使用从邮政编码中获得的分配来确定病例分配到正确人口普查区域的频率。重心。分配的准确性是通过比较分配的道与最初确定的完整的街道地址。使用邮政编码内的种族/民族人口分布将病例分配到人口普查区，比使用邮政编码质心时更正确地分配病例。年龄特征的加入进一步提高了匹配率。匹配率高度依赖于种族/民族群体的地理分布和人口密度。地理插补似乎提供了一些优势，并没有严重的缺点相比，根据邮政编码质心分配的情况下，人口普查区的替代方案。对于特定的分析，研究人员仍然需要考虑地理编码质量对其结果的潜在影响，并评估它可能引入地理偏见的可能性。
To reduce the number of non-geocoded cases researchers and organizations sometimes include cases geocoded to postal code centroids along with cases geocoded with the greater precision of a full street address. Some analysts then use the postal code to assign information to the cases from finer-level geographies such as a census tract. Assignment is commonly completed using either a postal centroid or by a geographical imputation method which assigns a location by using both the demographic characteristics of the case and the population characteristics of the postal delivery area. To date no systematic evaluation of geographical imputation methods ("geo-imputation") has been completed. The objective of this study was to determine the accuracy of census tract assignment using geo-imputation. Using a large dataset of breast, prostate and colorectal cancer cases reported to the New Jersey Cancer Registry, we determined how often cases were assigned to the correct census tract using alternate strategies of demographic based geo-imputation, and using assignments obtained from postal code centroids. Assignment accuracy was measured by comparing the tract assigned with the tract originally identified from the full street address. Assigning cases to census tracts using the race/ethnicity population distribution within a postal code resulted in more correctly assigned cases than when using postal code centroids. The addition of age characteristics increased the match rates even further. Match rates were highly dependent on both the geographic distribution of race/ethnicity groups and population density. Geo-imputation appears to offer some advantages and no serious drawbacks as compared with the alternative of assigning cases to census tracts based on postal code centroids. For a specific analysis, researchers will still need to consider the potential impact of geocoding quality on their results and evaluate the possibility that it might introduce geographical bias.