Blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease.
Blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease.
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DOI：
10.15252/emmm.202114408
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发表时间：
2022-01-11
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Hansson O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leuzy A;Mattsson-Carlgren N;Palmqvist S;Janelidze S;Dage JL;Hansson O
神经退行性疾病，如阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一个日益严重的公共卫生挑战。由于这些疾病在临床上难以诊断，潜在病理生理学的生物标志物在研究、临床试验和患者的临床工作中发挥着越来越重要的作用。虽然基于脑脊液（CSF）和正电子发射断层扫描（PET）的测量方法是可用的，但由于其局限性，包括高成本和可感觉到的侵入性，它们的使用并不广泛。由于超灵敏检测技术的快速发展，现在可以在血液中测量病理性脑和AD相关蛋白的水平，最近的工作显示出有希望的结果。血浆P‐tau与Aβ42/Aβ40联合使用时，似乎是症状性AD（即前驱AD和AD痴呆）和临床前AD的最佳候选标志物。虽然不是AD特异性的，但血液NfL在神经退行性疾病的检测方面很有前景，并可能用于检测疾病修饰疗法的效果。本文综述了迄今为止使用AD血液生物标志物取得的进展，重点介绍了关键应用领域和未遇到的挑战。本文讨论了基于血液的阿尔茨海默病生物标志物的最新进展，强调了应用的关键领域和未遇到的挑战。
Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) represent a mounting public health challenge. As these diseases are difficult to diagnose clinically, biomarkers of underlying pathophysiology are playing an ever‐increasing role in research, clinical trials, and in the clinical work‐up of patients. Though cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and positron emission tomography (PET)‐based measures are available, their use is not widespread due to limitations, including high costs and perceived invasiveness. As a result of rapid advances in the development of ultra‐sensitive assays, the levels of pathological brain‐ and AD‐related proteins can now be measured in blood, with recent work showing promising results. Plasma P‐tau appears to be the best candidate marker during symptomatic AD (i.e., prodromal AD and AD dementia) and preclinical AD when combined with Aβ42/Aβ40. Though not AD‐specific, blood NfL appears promising for the detection of neurodegeneration and could potentially be used to detect the effects of disease‐modifying therapies. This review provides an overview of the progress achieved thus far using AD blood‐based biomarkers, highlighting key areas of application and unmet challenges. This Review discusses recent advances in blood‐based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease, highlighting the key areas of application and unmet challenges.